II. Epidemiology
- Peak Age 10-19 years
-
Incidence
- U.S. Cases in 1968: 152,000 cases
- U.S. Cases in 2000: 338 cases
- U.S. Cases in 2015: 1057 cases
III. Pathophysiology
IV. Symptoms
V. Signs
-
Sialadenitis
- Parotitis occurs in 30-40% of patients
- Tender swelling of all Salivary Glands
- Typically bilateral involvement (but may start unilaterally)
- Skin over Parotid Gland not warm or red
- Contrast with Bacterial Sialadenitis
- Tenderness at mandibular angle
- Parotid duct opening appears red in Buccal mucosa
-
Orchitis (3-10% of postpubertal males)
- Occurs 7-10 days after Parotitis
VI. Complications
-
Orchitis (see signs as above)
- Testicular Atrophy (50%)
- Sterility if bilateral involvement
- Pancreatitis (usually uncomplicated)
- Central Nervous System Involvement
- Asymptomatic Cerebrospinal Fluid Leukocytosis (50%)
- Less common causes
- Encephalitis (1 case per 400 to 6000 Mumps cases)
- Mortality: 1-2% death rate from Encephalitis
- Paralytic Polio-like syndrome
- Transverse myelitis
- Cerebellar Ataxia
- Encephalitis (1 case per 400 to 6000 Mumps cases)
- Miscellaneous
VII. Labs
-
Complete Blood Count
- Parotitis: Relative Lymphocytosis
- Orchitis: Marked Leukocytosis
- Serum Amylase increased
- Cerebrospinal Fluid
- White Blood Cells: 1000-2000 with Neutrophils
VIII. Diagnosis: Culture, IgG, and IgM should all be done
- Culture
- Obtain sample within first 5 days of Parotitis
- Blood, Throat, CSF, Urine
- Immunofluorescence positive in 2-3 days
- Serology
- Mumps IgM
- Positive after day 3 of swelling
- Titers peak by one week
- Mumps IgG
- Obtain acute baseline Mumps IgG as soon as possible
- Check Mumps IgG again 3-5 weeks after onset
- Titer increases 4 fold
- Mumps IgM
IX. Management
-
Orchitis Symptomatic relief
- Prednisone 60 mg daily tapered over 7-10 days
X. Prevention
-
MMR Vaccine after age 1 year
- Effective at preventing mumps in 88% of immunized patients
XI. Prognosis
- Mortality: Up to 50 deaths per 1 million Mumps cases
XII. Resources
XIII. References
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Related Studies (from Trip Database) Open in New Window
| Definition (MSHFRE) | Maladie infectieuse aiguë due à un rubulavirus. La transmission se fait par contact direct, par des goutellettes aéroportées, par des objets souillés par de la salive infectieuse et peut-être par l'urine. Bien que des adultes puissent être infectés, l'infection survient principalement chez les enfants de moins de 15 ans. ( Extr. Dorland, 28ème éd.) |
| Definition (MEDLINEPLUS) |
Mumps is an illness caused by the mumps virus. It starts with
After that, the salivary glands under the ears or jaw become swollen and tender. The swelling can be on one or both sides of the face. Symptoms last 7 to 10 days. Serious complications are rare. You can catch mumps by being with another person who has it. There is no treatment for mumps, but the measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine can prevent it. Before the routine vaccination program in the United States, mumps was a common illness in infants, children and young adults. Now it is a rare disease in the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention |
| Definition (NCI) | A contagious viral infection caused by the mumps virus. Symptoms include swollen and tender parotid glands, fever, muscle aches and fatigue. Due to vaccination programs, mumps has become a rare disease. |
| Definition (MSH) | An acute infectious disease caused by RUBULAVIRUS, spread by direct contact, airborne droplet nuclei, fomites contaminated by infectious saliva, and perhaps urine, and usually seen in children under the age of 15, although adults may also be affected. (From Dorland, 28th ed) |
| Definition (CSP) | acute, inflammatory, contagious disease caused by Rubulavirus and characterized by swelling of the salivary glands, especially the parotids, and sometimes of the pancreas, ovaries, or testes; spread by direct contact, airborne droplet nuclei, fomites contaminated by infectious saliva, and perhaps urine. |
| Concepts | Disease or Syndrome (T047) |
| MSH | D009107 |
| ICD9 | 072 |
| ICD10 | B26 , B26.9 |
| SnomedCT | 154352008, 186652008, 186651001, 240526004, 36989005 |
| LNC | LP32627-9, LA10491-1 |
| English | Mumps, Epidemic Parotitides, Parotitides, Epidemic, Parotitis, Epidemic, epidemic parotiditis, mumps (diagnosis), parotitis infectious, infectious parotitis (diagnosis), mumps, epidemic parotitis (diagnosis), parotitis epidemic, infectious parotitis, epidemic parotitis, Clinical mumps, Mumps NOS, Mumps parotitis NOS, Mumps [Disease/Finding], mumps parotitis, Parotitis - epidemic, Epidemic parotitis, Infectious parotitis, Mumps parotitis, Mumps (disorder), Mumps parotitis (disorder), epidemic; parotitis, infectious; parotitis, parotitis; epidemic, parotitis; infectious, Mumps, NOS, Epidemic Parotitis |
| Dutch | epidemische parotitis, klinische bof, epidemica; parotitis, infectieus; parotitis, parotitis; epidemica, parotitis; infectieus, bof, Bof, Parotitis epidemica |
| French | Parotidite épidémique, Cas cliniques d'oreillons, Oreillons |
| German | klinischer Mumps, epidemische Parotitis, Mumps, Parotitis epidemica |
| Italian | Parotite clinica, Parotite epidemica, Orecchioni |
| Portuguese | Papeira clínica, Parotidite epidémica, Papeira, Trasorelho, Parotite Epidêmica, Caxumba, Parotidite Epidêmica |
| Spanish | Parotiditis epidémica, Infecto-Fiebre Urliana, Parotiditis Urliana, Parotitis Epidémica, Fiebre Urliana, paperas, fiebre urliana, parotiditis (trastorno), parotiditis epidémica, parotiditis infecciosa, parotiditis urliana (trastorno), parotiditis urliana, parotiditis, Paperas, Parotiditis Epidémica |
| Japanese | 臨床的耳下腺炎, ﾑﾝﾌﾟｽ, ﾘｭｳｺｳｾｲｼﾞｶｾﾝｴﾝ, ﾘﾝｼｮｳﾃｷｼﾞｶｾﾝｴﾝ, おたふくかぜ, ムンプス, マンプス, 流行性耳下腺炎, 耳下腺炎-流行性 |
| Swedish | Påssjuka |
| Czech | příušnice, Manifestní parotitis epidemica, Epidemická parotitida, Parotitis epidemica, parotitis epidemica |
| Finnish | Sikotauti |
| Russian | SVINKA, PAROTIT EPIDEMICHESKII, ПАРОТИТ ЭПИДЕМИЧЕСКИЙ, СВИНКА |
| Korean | 볼거리 |
| Croatian | ZAUŠNJACI |
| Polish | Zapalenie przyusznic nagminne, Świnka |
| Hungarian | mumps, Epidemiás parotitis, Klinikai mumps |
| Norwegian | Kusma, Infeksiøs parotitt, Epidemisk parotitt |
