Iron Ingestion

Aka: Iron Ingestion, Iron Poisoning, Acute Iron Toxicity, Acute Iron Poisoning

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II. Precautions

  1. Iron toxicity after acute ingestion is difficult to gauge
  2. Iron supplements in overdosage may be lethal in children (FDA black box warning)

III. Pathophysiology: Iron Toxicity

  1. Stage 1: Gastrointestinal
    1. Abdominal Pain
    2. Vomiting
    3. Diarrhea
  2. Stage 2: Stability (duration of hours)
    1. Metabolic Acidosis may be present
  3. Stage 3: Shock
    1. Hypovolemia and Hypotension
    2. Lactic Acidosis
  4. Stage 4: Hepatotoxicity (onset within 48 hours)

IV. Labs

  1. See Overdose
  2. Serum Iron levels predict severity of ingestion

V. Management

  1. Initial emergent supportive care for shock
    1. Crystalloid (NS or LR) replacement for hypovolemia
    2. Correct Metabolic Acidosis
  2. Discuss Gastric Decontamination with poison control
    1. Whole Bowel Irrigation may be recommended
  3. Deferoxamine chelation
    1. Start once hemodynamically stable

VI. Prognosis

  1. Serum Iron at 2-6 hours after ingestion
    1. Serum Iron <300 mcg/dl predicts benign course
    2. Serum Iron >500 mcg/dl predicts severe course

VII. References

  1. (2016) CALS Manual, 14th ed, I-137

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Ontology: Poisoning by iron AND/OR its compounds (C0412842)

Concepts Injury or Poisoning (T037)
ICD9 964.0
ICD10 T45.4 , T45.4X1
SnomedCT 55381001
English Poisoning by iron and its compounds, Iron and its compounds, Poisoning - iron compound drug, Iron + iron compound poisoning, Poisoning-iron/compounds, Poisoning by iron and its compounds NOS, Poisoning by iron compound drug, Iron and iron compound poisoning, Poisoning by iron AND/OR its compounds (disorder), Poisoning by iron AND/OR its compounds, Poisoning by iron and its compounds, NOS
German Vergiftung: Eisen und dessen Verbindungen, Vergiftung durch Eisen und seine Verbindungen
Korean 철 및 그 복합물에 의한 중독
Spanish Intoxicación por hierro y sus compuestos, intoxicación por hierro Y/O sus compuestos (trastorno), intoxicación por hierro Y/O sus compuestos
Portuguese Intoxicação por ferro e seus compostos
Italian Avvelenamento da ferro e suoi composti
French Intoxication par le fer et ses composés
Dutch vergiftiging door ijzer en zijn componenten, IJzer en ijzerverbindingen
Czech Otrava železem a jeho sloučeninami
Hungarian Vas és vegyületei által okozott mérgezés
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)

Related Topics in Pharmacology

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