Rotavirus

Aka: Rotavirus

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II. Epidemiology

  1. Since Rotavirus Vaccine was initiated in 2006 in U.S., cases have fallen as much as 90%
  2. Prior to Rotavirus Vaccine starting in 2006, was the most common cause of Acute Infectious Diarrhea in the U.S.
    1. Accounted for 35% of child hospitalizations for Diarrhea
    2. Hospitalizations: 55,000 to 70,000 per year in United States
    3. Mortality: 20-60 deaths per year in United States
  3. Worldwide Rotavirus still kills more than 400,000 children under age 5 years old
  4. Peak ages affected: 6 months to 2 years old
    1. Uncommon under age 6 months or over age 4 years
  5. Infection peaks in March (mid-January to late May)

III. Pathophysiology

  1. Antibody to Rotavirus is protective
  2. Self limited Infection
  3. Transmission: Fecal-oral route
  4. Incubation: 1-3 days

IV. Symptoms

  1. Emesis for 3 days
  2. Severe Watery Diarrhea for 3-8 days
  3. Fever
  4. Upper respiratory symptoms

V. Prevention

  1. Careful Hand Washing
  2. See Rotavirus Vaccine
    1. Limited use due to Intussusception risk

VI. Resources

  1. CDC Rotavirus
    1. http://www.cdc.gov/rotavirus/

VII. References

  1. Staat (2002) Pediatr Infect Dis J 21:221-7 [PubMed]

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Ontology: Rotavirus (C0035870)

Definition (NCI_CDISC) Any viral organism that can be assigned to the genus Rotavirus.
Definition (NCI) A genus of double stranded RNA viruses that carry 11 unique double helix molecules of RNA that encode one or two proteins each. The RNA is surrounded by a three-layered icosahedral protein capsid. Viral particles are up to 76.5 nm in diameter and are not enveloped.
Definition (MSH) A genus of REOVIRIDAE, causing acute gastroenteritis in BIRDS and MAMMALS, including humans. Transmission is horizontal and by environmental contamination. Seven species (Rotaviruses A thru G) are recognized.
Definition (CSP) 6 serogroups described; group A occurs in mammals and birds; group B in humans, pigs, cattle, sheep and rats; group C in pigs and rarely humans; groups D and F in poultry; and group E in pigs.
Concepts Virus (T005)
MSH D012401
SnomedCT 70614005, 417542000
LNC LP14844-2, MTHU002054
English Rotaviruses, Genus: Rotavirus, rotavirus, rotaviruses, Rotavirus, NOS, Rotavirus (organism), Rotavirus, Genus Rotavirus (organism), Genus Rotavirus, ROTAVIRUS
Swedish Rotavirus
Spanish rotavirus (organismo), Rotavirus, género: Rotavirus, rotavirus, Rotavirus, SAI, género Rotavirus (organismo), género Rotavirus
Czech Rotavirus
Finnish Rotavirus
Russian NEONATAL'NOI DIAREI TELIAT VIRUS, ROTAVIRUS, НЕОНАТАЛЬНОЙ ДИАРЕИ ТЕЛЯТ ВИРУС, РОТАВИРУС
Croatian ROTAVIRUS
Polish Rotawirusy
French Rotavirus
German Rotavirus
Italian Rotavirus
Dutch Rotavirus, Virus, Rota-
Portuguese Rotavirus
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)

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