II. Definitions
- Conjugate Gaze
- Movement of both eyes in the same direction at the same time
III. Anatomy: Innervation
- Cerebral Cortex
- Voluntary Conjugate Gaze (Brodmann's Area 8)
- Involuntary Conjugate Gaze (Areas 17-19)
- Cranial Nerves
- Nucleii and Pathways
- Lateral Gaze Center (Pontine Paramedian Reticular Formation, Paraabducens Nucleus)
- Responsible for horizontal gaze and saccade eye movements
- Facilitates Conjugate Gaze by synapsing with contralateral fibers for coordinated eye movements
- Medial Longitudinal Fasciculus
- Transmits signals between CN 3, CN 4 and CN 6 to coordinate eye movements
- Example
- Cortical signal from voluntary gaze center directs left eye to look left
- Left eye CN 6 (lateral rectus) fires for the left eye to look left
- CN 6 signals Synapse with the Lateral Gaze Center
- Signals are transmitted via Medial Longitudinal Fasciculus to CN 3 (medial rectus)
- Medial rectus directs the right eye to also look left
- Lateral Gaze Center (Pontine Paramedian Reticular Formation, Paraabducens Nucleus)
IV. Anatomy: Extraocular Muscles: Innervated by CN 3 with 2 exceptions
- Medial Range of Motion
- Medial Rectus (Cranial Nerve III)
- Lateral Range of Motion
- Lateral Rectus (Cranial Nerve VI)
- Upward Range of Motion
- Superior Rectus (Cranial Nerve III)
- Inferior Oblique (Cranial Nerve III)
- Downward Range of Motion
- Inferior Rectus (Cranial Nerve III)
- Superior Oblique (Cranial Nerve IV)
V. Anatomy: Images
- See Neurologic Anatomy of the Eye
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Lewis (1918) Gray's Anatomy 20th ed (in public domain at Yahoo or BartleBy)
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Lewis (1918) Gray's Anatomy 20th ed (in public domain at Yahoo or BartleBy)
VI. Pathophysiology
- See Eye Deviation
VII. References
- Goldberg (2014) Clinical Neuroanatomy, Medmaster, p. 40-53
- Netter (1997) Atlas Human Anatomy, ICON Learning, p. 114, 126
Images: Related links to external sites (from Bing)
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| Definition (FMA) | Cranial nerve which connects the midbrain to the extra-ocular and intra-ocular muscles. |
| Definition (UWDA) | Cranial nerve which connects the midbrain to the extra-ocular and intra-ocular muscles. |
| Definition (NCI_CDISC) | The third cranial nerve. |
| Definition (MSH) | The 3d cranial nerve. The oculomotor nerve sends motor fibers to the levator muscles of the eyelid and to the superior rectus, inferior rectus, and inferior oblique muscles of the eye. It also sends parasympathetic efferents (via the ciliary ganglion) to the muscles controlling pupillary constriction and accommodation. The motor fibers originate in the oculomotor nuclei of the midbrain. |
| Definition (CSP) | third cranial nerve; sends motor fibers to the levator muscles of the eyelid and to the superior rectus, inferior rectus, and inferior oblique muscles of the eye; sends parasympathetic efferents (via the ciliary ganglion) to the muscles controlling pupillary constriction and accommodation; motor fibers originate in the oculomotor nuclei of the midbrain. |
| Concepts | Body Part, Organ, or Organ Component (T023) |
| MSH | D009802 |
| SnomedCT | 56193007 |
| English | Nerve, Oculomotor, Nerves, Oculomotor, Oculomotor Nerve, Oculomotor Nerves, Cranial Nerve III, Cranial Nerve, Third, Cranial Nerves, Third, Nerve, Third Cranial, Nerves, Third Cranial, Third Cranial Nerve, Third Cranial Nerves, cranial nerve III, Oculomotor nerve [III], Nervus oculomotorius [III], Oculomotor nerve tree, cranial nerve iii, oculomotor nerves, cranial iii nerve, Cranial Nerve IIIs, third cranial nerve, 3n, oculomotor nerve, Nervus oculomotorius, OCULOMOTOR NERVE, Nervus Oculomotorius, Nerve IIIs, Oculomotorius, Nervus, Nerve III, Third cranial nerve, Oculomotor nerve, Cranial nerve III, Oculomotor nerve structure (body structure), Oculomotor nerve structure, Oculomotor nerve, NOS |
| French | Troisième paire crânienne, Nerf oculomoteur, Nerf crânien III, Nerf moteur oculaire commun, Troisième nerf crânien, Nerf oculo-moteur, Nerf crânien 3 |
| Swedish | Ögonrörelsenerv |
| Czech | nervus oculomotorius, okohybný nerv, III. hlavový nerv |
| Finnish | Silmän liikehermo |
| Russian | GLAZODVIGATEL'NYI NERV, TRETII CHEREPNOI NERV, ГЛАЗОДВИГАТЕЛЬНЫЙ НЕРВ, ТРЕТИЙ ЧЕРЕПНОЙ НЕРВ |
| German | DRITTER HIRNNERV, Hirnnerv III, III. Hirnnerv, Nervus oculomotorius |
| Italian | Nervo cranico III, Terzo nervo cranico, Nervo oculomotore |
| Croatian | OKULOMOTORNI ŽIVAC |
| Latvian | Acs kustību nervs |
| Polish | Nerw okoruchowy, Nerw III |
| Japanese | 動眼神経, 眼球運動神経, 第3脳神経 |
| Norwegian | 3. hjernenerve, Nervus oculomotorius, Øyets bevegelsesnerve, Okulomotorisk nerve, Hjernenerve 3 |
| Spanish | III Par Craneal, Nervio Craneal III, III par craneal, estructura del nervio oculomotor (estructura corporal), estructura del nervio oculomotor, nervio craneal III, nervio motor ocular, nervio oculomotor, tercer par craneal, tercer par craneano, III Nervio Craneal, Nervio Oculomotor, Tercer Nervio Craneal |
| Portuguese | III Par Craniano, III Nervo Craniano, Nervo Craniano III, Nervo Oculomotor, Terceiro Nervo Craniano |
| Dutch | IIIe hersenzenuw, Nervus cranialis III, Nervus oculomotorius |
Ontology: Medial longitudinal fasciculus (C0152373)
| Concepts | Body Part, Organ, or Organ Component (T023) |
| SnomedCT | 28390009 |
| English | medial longitudinal fasciculus, medial longitudinal bundle, medial longitudinal fascicle, Fasciculus longitudinalis dorsalis (Riley), Fasciculus longitudinalis posterior (posticus), Tractus longitudinalis medialis, Fasciculus longitudinalis medialis, Fasciculus commissurae posterioris, Medial longitudinal fasciculus structure (body structure), Medial longitudinal fasciculus structure, Medial longitudinal fasciculus, NOS, Medial longitudinal fasciculus, MLF-Medial longitudinal fasciculus |
| Spanish | estructura del fascículo longitudinal medio (estructura corporal), estructura del fascículo longitudinal medio, fascículo longitudinal medio |
Ontology: Conjugate gaze (C0522329)
| Concepts | Organ or Tissue Function (T042) |
| SnomedCT | 103255006 |
| English | Conjugate gaze, Conjugate gaze (finding) |
| Spanish | mirada conjugada (hallazgo), mirada conjugada |
Ontology: Paramedian nucleus of pons (C2332972)
| Concepts | Body Part, Organ, or Organ Component (T023) |
| English | Paramedian nucleus of pons, Nucleus paramedianus pontis |
