II. Grading
- Grade 0: No translation
- Grade 1: Mild translation (0-1 cm)
- Grade 2: Moderate translation (1-2 cm)
- Grade 3: Severe translation (>2 cm)
III. Approach: General
- Assess for generalized ligamentous laxity
- Assess for voluntary instability
IV. Technique: Specific Tests
-
Shoulder Anterior Drawer Test
- Translation suggests anterior instability (90%)
- Shoulder Posterior Drawer Test
- Inferior translation (Shoulder sulcus sign)
- Patient stands
- Pull both arms downward
- Sulcus will form if ligament laxity on one side
- Shoulder Apprehension Test (and Relocation)
- Shoulder Crossover Maneuver (AC Joint disease)