II. Indications
- Functional Constipation
- Colonoscopy Preparation
III. Contraindications
IV. Mechanism
- Magnesium salt Osmotic Laxatives
- Poorly absorbed, hyperosmolar agents
V. Precautions
- Avoid longterm use due to Electrolyte loss risk
- These agents are typically used once as part of a bowel regimen
VI. Dosing
-
General
- Patients should have immediate access to toilet for at least 6 hours after taking Magnesium Citrate
- Adult (and age >12 years)
- Full dose: Take 8 to 10 ounces (240 to 300 ml, 1 bottle) orally divided once or twice for 1 day
- Half dose: Take 5 oz (150 ml, 1/2 bottle) orally once
- Child (age 2 to 12 years)
- Age 2 to 5 years: 1 to 3 ml/kg/day divided once or twice for 1 day
- Age 6 to 11 years: 4 ml/kg (up to 200 ml) OR 100 to 150 ml divided once or twice for 1 day
VII. Pharmacokinetics
- Absorption of up to 30% of Magnesium Citrate dose
- Rapid onset within 3 hours
- Patients should have immediate access to toilet for at least 6 hours after taking Magnesium Citrate
VIII. Adverse Effects
- Hypermagnesemia (in patients with Renal Failure)
IX. Safety
- Pregnancy Category B
- Unknown Safety in Lactation
X. Drug Interactions
- Decreases absorption of other drugs
-
CNS Depressants
- Magnesium Citrate may have additive effects with increased CNS depression
XI. Resources
- Magnesium Citrate (DailyMed)
XII. References
- (2023) Management of Constipation, Presc Lett, #390108
- Hamilton (2020) Tarascon Pocket Pharmacopoeia
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Related Studies
magnesium citrate (on 9/21/2022 at Medicaid.Gov Survey of pharmacy drug pricing) | ||
MAGNESIUM CITRATE SOLUTION | Generic OTC | $0.01 per ml |
Ontology: magnesium citrate (C0126774)
Definition (NCI) | The citrate salt of the element magnesium with cathartic activity. The cathartic action of magnesium cations appears to result, in part, from osmotically mediated water retention, which subsequently stimulates peristalsis. In addition, magnesium ions may also stimulate the activity of nitric oxide (NO) synthase and increase the biosynthesis of the phospholipid proinflammatory mediator platelet activating factor (PAF) in the gut. NO may stimulate intestinal secretion via prostaglandin- and cyclic GMP-dependent mechanisms while PAF produces significant stimulation of colonic secretion and gastrointestinal motility. |
Definition (PDQ) | The citrate salt of the element magnesium with laxative properties. The cathartic action of magnesium cations appears to result, in part, from osmotically mediated water retention, which subsequently stimulates peristalsis. In addition, magnesium ions may also stimulate the activity of nitric oxide (NO) synthase and increase the biosynthesis of the phospholipid proinflammatory mediator platelet activating factor (PAF) in the gut. NO may stimulate intestinal secretion via prostglandin- and cyclic GMP-dependent mechansisms while PAFproduces significant stimulation of colonic secretion and gastrointestinal motility. Check for "http://www.cancer.gov/Search/ClinicalTrialsLink.aspx?id=480467&idtype=1" active clinical trials or "http://www.cancer.gov/Search/ClinicalTrialsLink.aspx?id=480467&idtype=1&closed=1" closed clinical trials using this agent. ("http://nciterms.nci.nih.gov:80/NCIBrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&code=C29241" NCI Thesaurus) |
Concepts | Pharmacologic Substance (T121) , Organic Chemical (T109) |
MSH | C110422 |
SnomedCT | 12495006, 387052002 |
English | Magnesium Acid Citrate, citrate of magnesia, Citrate of Magnesia, Mg citrate, mineral supplements magnesium citrate, magnesium citrate (medication), enemas magnesium citrate, magnesium citrate [Chemical/Ingredient], citrate magnesium, mg citrate, Magnesium Citrate, MAGNESIUM CITRATE, magnesium citrate, magnesium (as citrate), Magnesium citrate, Magnesium citrate (product), Magnesium citrate (substance) |
Spanish | citrato de magnesio (producto), citrato de magnesio (sustancia), citrato de magnesio |