Nutrition
Specialized Nutrition Support
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Specialized Nutrition Support
, Nutrition Support
Evaluation
See
Subjective Global Assessment of Nutritional Status
See
Lab Markers of Malnutrition
Indications
No food intake secondary to underlying condition (adjusted for malnourishment at baseline)
Adults: 5-7 days
Children: 3-5 days
Infants: 1-3 days
Specific conditions
Impaired bowel function (e.g. short bowel syndrome)
Severe prolonged hypercatabolic state
Severe protein-calorie
Malnutrition
(due to a treatable condition)
Prolonged bowel rest (e.g.
Inflammatory Bowel Disease
exacerbation)
Types
Enteral Nutrition
Prefererred form of nutritional support
Peripheral Parenteral Nutrition (PPN)
Total Parenteral Nutrition
(TPN)
Evaluation
Nutritional requirements
Calories
Adults: 25-35 kcal/kg/day
Child >5 years: 1500 kcal/day for weight of 20kg, then 25 kcal/day per each additional kg above 20 kg
Protein
Adults: 0.8 to 1.5 g/kg/day
All Children and infants, as well as those adults in hypercatabolic or protein losing states require higher protein intake
Linoleic Acid
Dose: 2-4% of total calories should be in this form to prevent essential
Fatty Acid
deficiency
Prcautions
Refeeding Syndrome
risk
Start refeeding at one third or less of nutritional needs and gradually increase every 5-7 days
References
Kulick (2011) Am Fam Physician 83(2): 173-83 [PubMed]
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