Nutrition
Caffeine
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Caffeine
Preparations
Relative Caffeine amounts
10 mg/serving
Decaffeinated coffee (7 oz, 210 ml)
Milk chocolate (1.5 oz)
30 mg/serving
Dark chocolate (1.5 oz)
50 mg/serving
Tea (8 oz, 240 ml)
Caffeinated soda (12 oz, 360 ml)
Coffee ice cream (8 oz, 240 ml)
100 mg/serving
Coffee (8 oz, 240 ml)
150 mg/serving
Expresso (2 oz, 60 ml)
Precautions
Energy drinks contain high levels of stimulants
Combined Caffeine and
Methylxanthine
s may exceed 500 mg total
Higher risk of toxicity
Limit daily Caffeine below maximum
Adults: 400 mg/day
Teens: 2.5 mg/kg/day (up to 400 mg/day)
Pharmacokinetics
Metabolism: Zero order elimination (very slow elimination)
Adverse Effects
Anxiety
Jitteriness
Arrhythmia
Insomnia
Toxic Levels
Seizure
s
Dysrhythmia
(e.g.
Multifocal Atrial Tachycardia
)
Resources
FDA News: Investigation into Energy Drinks and Supplements
http://www.fda.gov/Food/NewsEvents/ucm328536.htm
References
Nordt in Majoewsky (2012) EM: Rap 12(8): 5
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