Rectum
Rectal Prolapse
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Rectal Prolapse
Definitions
Rectal Prolapse
Protrusion of all or some layers of the
Rectum
via the anus with straining
Intussception of the bowel through the anus
Pathophysiology
Weak pelvic support
Types
Full thickness Rectal Prolapse
Internal prolapse (Internal
Intussusception
Prolapse not visible outside the anal canal
Mucosal prolapse
Progression of
Hemorrhoid
s more than a pelvic support disorder
Risk Factors
Chronic Constipation
Conditions predisposing to straining at stool (e.g. Multiple pregnancies)
Increasing Age (esp. women)
Symptoms
Mass protruding from the anus
Onset often after straining to stool
Associated symptoms
Rectal Pain
Anal Discharge
Rectal Bleeding
Associated Conditions
Pelvic Organ Prolapse
(e.g.
Rectocele
,
Cystocele
)
Hemorrhoid
s (especially with mucosal prolapse)
Complications
Incarcerated Hernia
(rare)
Management
Surgery
Resources
Emedicine
http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/196411
References
Cohee (2020) Am Fam Physician 101(1):24-33 [PubMed]
Jones (2011) BMJ 342:c7099 [PubMed]
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