Rectum

Rectal Prolapse

search

Rectal Prolapse

  • Definitions
  1. Rectal Prolapse
    1. Protrusion of all or some layers of the Rectum via the anus with straining
    2. Intussception of the bowel through the anus
  • Pathophysiology
  1. Weak pelvic support
  • Types
  1. Full thickness Rectal Prolapse
  2. Internal prolapse (Internal Intussusception
    1. Prolapse not visible outside the anal canal
  3. Mucosal prolapse
    1. Progression of Hemorrhoids more than a pelvic support disorder
  • Risk Factors
  1. Chronic Constipation
  2. Conditions predisposing to straining at stool (e.g. Multiple pregnancies)
  3. Increasing Age (esp. women)
  • Symptoms
  1. Mass protruding from the anus
    1. Onset often after straining to stool
  2. Associated symptoms
    1. Rectal Pain
    2. Anal Discharge
    3. Rectal Bleeding
  • Associated Conditions
  1. Pelvic Organ Prolapse (e.g. Rectocele, Cystocele)
  2. Hemorrhoids (especially with mucosal prolapse)
  • Complications
  1. Incarcerated Hernia (rare)
  • Management
  1. Surgery
  • Resources
  1. Emedicine
    1. http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/196411
  • References
  1. Cohee (2020) Am Fam Physician 101(1):24-33 [PubMed]
  2. Jones (2011) BMJ 342:c7099 [PubMed]