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Congenital Cataract
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Congenital Cataract
, Cataract in Newborns
Definition
Congenital lens opacity
Epidemiology
Rare, uncommon cause of
Amblyopia
Incidence
: 0.4% of newborns
Responsible for 15-20% of blindness in children
Etiology
Congenital Infections (
TORCH Infection
)
Toxoplasmosis
Syphilis
Rubella
Cytomegalovirus
Herpes Simplex Virus
Metabolic dx: Galactokinase deficiency
Cataract
s may be sole clinical finding
Developmental
Down Syndrome
Turner's Syndrome
Systemic Disease
Wilson's Disease
Alport's Syndrome
Screening
Red Reflex
Visual Acuity
Strabismus
(
Strabismus
often seen 2nd to
Cataract
)
Management
Lens
Cataract Extraction
Unilateral
Cataract
Best outcome for extraction age under 2 months
Bilateral
Cataract
Less urgent then unilateral
Cataract
Extract
Cataract
at age 4 to 6 months of age
Lens implants not used in children
Safety of lens implants unclear in children
Contact Lens
placement
Treat
Amblyopia
References
Berson (1987) Ophthalmology Study Guide, AAO, p. 95-110
Essman (1992) Am Fam Physician 46(4):1243-52 [PubMed]
Mills (1999) Am Fam Physician 60(3):907-16 [PubMed]
Russell-Eggitt (1997) J Cataract Refract Surg 23:664-8 [PubMed]
Simon (2001) Am Fam Physician 64(4):623-8 [PubMed]
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