Bacterial Tracheitis

Aka: Bacterial Tracheitis, Pseudomembranous Croup

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II. Epidemiology

  1. Affects older children than in croup (ages 1-6 years)

III. Etiology

  1. Staphylococcus aureus
  2. Streptococcus
  3. Moraxella catarrhalis
  4. Haemophilus Influenza

IV. Symptoms

  1. Prodrome of upper respiratory symptoms
  2. Rapidly progresses to severe life-threatening illness
    1. Fever (abrupt onset)
    2. Stridor
    3. Cough
    4. Toxic, ill appearance

V. Signs

  1. Does not respond to Croup therapies
    1. Unresponsive to Racemic Epinephrine or mist therapy

VI. Differential Diagnosis

  1. See Airway Obstruction
  2. Laryngo-tracheo Bronchitis (Croup)
  3. Epiglottitis

VII. Radiology: Lateral Neck Xray

  1. Tracheal pseudomembrane
  2. Necrotic epithelium subdivides trachea lumen

VIII. Management

  1. Intubation
  2. Antibiotics to cover Bacterial causes listed above
    1. Ampicillin-Sulbactam (Unasyn)

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Ontology: Acute membranous laryngitis (C0339874)

Concepts Disease or Syndrome (T047)
SnomedCT 232428009
English Acute membranous laryngitis, Pseudomembranous croup, Acute membranous laryngitis (disorder)
Spanish laringitis membranosa aguda (trastorno), laringitis membranosa aguda
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)

Ontology: Bacterial tracheitis (C1868703)

Definition (NCI) Bacterial infectious process with formation of mucopurulent membranes affecting the trachea. Causative agents include Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Haemophilus influenzae, Pseudomonas, and Klebsiella.
Definition (NCI_CTCAE) A disorder characterized by an infectious process involving the trachea.
Concepts Disease or Syndrome (T047)
Dutch bacteriële tracheïtis
French Trachéite bactérienne
German bakterielle Tracheitis
Italian Tracheite batterica
Portuguese Traqueíte bacteriana
Spanish Traqueítis bacteriana
Japanese ｻｲｷﾝｾｲｷｶﾝｴﾝ, 細菌性気管炎
Czech Bakteriální tracheitida
English Bacterial Tracheitis, Tracheitis, Bacterial tracheitis
Hungarian Bacterialis tracheitis
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)

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