Rheumatology Book

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Synovial Fluid

Aka: Synovial Fluid, Joint Fluid, Synovial Fluid Analysis, Arthrocentesis, Joint Aspiration
  1. See Also
    1. Monoarthritis
    2. Septic Joint
    3. Synovial Fluid Crystals
    4. Joint Injection
  2. Indications
    1. Single most important test in Arthritis evaluation
    2. Septic Joint
    3. Crystal-Induced Arthritis (e.g. Gouty Arthritis, Pseudogout)
  3. Contraindications
    1. Overlying infection (unable to access joint without passing through infected tissue)
  4. Preparation
    1. Ultrasound
    2. Tubes
      1. Heparinized Tube for crystal analysis
      2. Saline Tube for Cell Count
      3. Culture container
      4. Syringe (20 cc)
    3. Aspiration Needle
      1. Adequate guage (18-22 gauge) to aspirate Synovial Fluid
      2. Adequate Length (1.5" for superficial joints, 3.5" spinal needle for deeper joints)
    4. Skin preparation
      1. Lidocaine 1% with Epinephrine
      2. Chlorhexidine (or betadine) skin antiseptic
      3. Sterile drape
  5. Procedure: Arthrocentesis
    1. See Hip Arthrocentesis
    2. See Knee Arthrocentesis
    3. See Elbow Joint Aspiration
  6. Labs: Synovial Fluid Volume and Appearance
    1. Normal Synovial Fluid
      1. Slightly yellow, straw colored
      2. Clear (Can read newsprint through the fluid)
      3. Viscous consistency
      4. No clotting
    2. Inflammatory fluid
      1. Yellow green to gray
      2. Cloudy to Opaque
      3. Decreased viscosity to Watery consistency
    3. Findings suggestive of acute Fracture or derangement
      1. Large fat droplets (sensitive for Fracture)
      2. Bloody fluid
  7. Labs: Synovial Fluid Gram Stain and Culture
    1. Bacteria (Anaerobes if arthroplasty)
    2. Mycobacteria, Fungal Culture on tissues
  8. Labs: Other Specific Synovial Fluid Tests
    1. See Synovial Fluid White Blood Cell Count
    2. See Polarized Microscopy (Synovial Fluid Crystals)

Synovial Fluid (C0039097)

Definition (FMA) Transudate contained in the synovial cavity of joints, and in the cavity of tendon sheaths and bursae.
Definition (MSHCZE) Kloubní maz. Viskózní tekutina, která má význam pro vzájemný pohyb kloubních ploch a omezení jejich tření. Je produkována synoviální blankou (membrana synovialis, zkráceně synovialis), která tvoří součást výstelky kloubu (vnitřní vrstva kloubního pouzdra). Její vlastnosti se mění u některých kloubních onemocnění. V některých případech se s. blanka chirurgicky odstraňuje (synovektomie). Ve složení se uplatňují některé mukopolysacharidy, např. hyaluronová kyselina, která se rovněž dodává jako lék. (cit. Velký lékařský slovník online, 2012 http://lekarske.slovniky.cz/ )
Definition (UWDA) Transudate contained in the synovial cavity of joints, and in the cavity of tendon sheaths and bursae.
Definition (NCI_CDISC) A viscid fluid secreted by the synovial membrane, serving as a lubricant. (NCI)
Definition (NCI) A viscid fluid secreted by the synovial membrane, serving as a lubricant.
Definition (MSH) The clear, viscous fluid secreted by the SYNOVIAL MEMBRANE. It contains mucin, albumin, fat, and mineral salts and serves to lubricate joints.
Definition (CSP) clear, viscous fluid secreted by the synovial membrane; contains mucin, albumin, fat, and mineral salts and serves to lubricate joints.
Concepts Body Substance (T031)
MSH D013582
SnomedCT 6085005, 431898009, 145105008, 167878001
HL7 SYN
LNC LA13477-7
English Fluid, Synovial, Fluids, Synovial, Synovial Fluids, Synovia, Synovial fluid: joint NOS, Joint fluid (substance), Joint fluid, Synovial Fluid, fluid synovial, fluid joints, fluids synovial, fluid joint, fluid joints synovial, synovial fluids, synovial fluid, joint fluid, synovia, Synovial fluid: joint NOS (specimen), FLUID, SYNOVIAL, SYNOVIAL FLUID, Synovial fluid, Synovial fluid (substance)
French Liquide synovial, Synovie
Swedish Ledvätska
Czech synoviální tekutina, kloubní maz, synovie
Finnish Nivelvoide
Russian SINOVIAL'NAIA ZHIDKOST', SINOVIIA, СИНОВИАЛЬНАЯ ЖИДКОСТЬ, СИНОВИЯ
Japanese 滑液, 関節液
Spanish líquido articular, líquido articular (sustancia), líquido sinovial: articulación, SAI (espécimen), Synovial fluid: joint NOS, líquido sinovial: articulación, SAI, aceite articular, líquido sinovial (sustancia), líquido sinovial, Líquido Sinovial, Sinovia
Italian Sinovia, Liquido sinoviale
Croatian SINOVIJSKA TEKUĆINA
Latvian Sinoviālais šķidrums, Sinovijs
Polish Maź stawowa, Płyn maziowy
Norwegian Synovia, Synovialvæske, Leddvæske
German Gelenkschmiere, Synovia, Synovialflüssigkeit
Dutch Synovia, Synoviaal vocht, Vocht, synoviaal
Portuguese Líquido Sinovial, Sinóvia
Sources
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)


Synovial fluid analysis (C0200648)

Concepts Laboratory Procedure (T059)
SnomedCT 167906002, 167860006, 167865001, 145088009, 145133008, 145092002, 145087004, 167859001, 85396007
Italian Analisi del liquido sinoviale
English Synovial fluid exam. - general, Synovial fluid exam. NOS, Synovial fluid exam. gen. NOS, synovial fluid analysis (lab test), synovial fluid analysis, analysis fluid synovial, synovial fluid exam, exam fluid synovial, Synovial fluid examination NOS, Synovial fluid examination NOS (procedure), Synovial fluid examination - general (procedure), Synovial fluid examination general NOS, Synovial fluid exam. gen. NOS (procedure), Synovial fluid exam. - general (procedure), Synovial fluid examination - general, Synovial fluid examination general NOS (procedure), Synovial fluid exam. NOS (procedure), Synovial fluid examination, Synovial fluid analysis, Synovial fluid analysis (procedure), Synovial fluid examination (procedure), Synovial fluid analysis, NOS
Japanese 滑液検査, ｶﾂｴｷｹﾝｻ
Czech Analýza synoviální tekutiny
Hungarian Synovialis folyadék elemzés
Spanish Synovial fluid exam. NOS, examen de líquido sinovial, general, examen de líquido sinovial, SAI, examen de líquido sinovial, SAI (procedimiento), examen general de líquido sinovial, SAI, examen de líquido sinovial, general (procedimiento), examen general de líquido sinovial, SAI (procedimiento), análisis del líquido sinovial (procedimiento), análisis del líquido sinovial, examen de líquido sinovial (procedimiento), examen de líquido sinovial, Análisis de líquido sinovial
Portuguese Análise do fluido sinovial
Dutch synoviaal vocht analyse
French Analyse du liquide synovial
German Synovialanalyse
Sources
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)


Arthrocentesis (C0204854)

Concepts Therapeutic or Preventive Procedure (T061)
ICD9 81.91
SnomedCT 55599005, 179921001, 90131007, 179906007
English Arthrocentesis, Puncture of joint NOS, arthrocentesis with aspiration of joint (treatment), arthrocentesis with aspiration of joint, aspiration of a joint, Aspiration joint, Joint aspiration, joint aspiration, Aspiration;joint(s), aspiration of joint, aspirations joint, Puncture of joint NOS (procedure), Aspiration of joint (procedure), Aspiration of joint, Puncture of joint, Puncture of joint (procedure), Arthrocentesis (procedure), Tap of joint, Arthrocentesis, NOS, Aspiration of joint, NOS, Puncture of joint, NOS, Tap of joint, NOS, Aspiration of joint -RETIRED-, arthrocentesis, aspiration of the joint(s)
Italian Aspirazione di articolazione, Artrocentesi, Aspirazione articolare
Dutch aspiratie van gewricht, gewrichtsaspiratie, artrocentese, aspiratie gewricht
French Arthrocentèse, Aspiration articulaire, Ponction articulaire
German Arthrozentese, Gelenkaspiration, Aspiration eines Gelenks, Aspiration Gelenk
Portuguese Aspiração articular, Artrocentese, Aspiração de articulação
Spanish Artrocentesis, Aspiración de articulación, punción articular, SAI, aspiración articular - RETIRADO -, punción articular, SAI (procedimiento), aspirado de articulación, aspiración articular - RETIRADO - (concepto no activo), artrocentesis (procedimiento), artrocentesis, aspiración de una articulación, punción articular (procedimiento), punción articular, punción de una articulación, Aspiración articular
Japanese 関節穿刺, 関節吸引, ｶﾝｾﾂｾﾝｼ, ｶﾝｾﾂｷｭｳｲﾝ
Czech Aspirace kloubu, Aspirace z kloubu, Artrocentéza
Hungarian Ízületi aspiracio, Ízületi aspiratio, Ízület aspiratio, Arthrocentesis
Sources
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)


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