Nephrology Book

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Medication Causes of Edema

Aka: Medication Causes of Edema, Edema Secondary to Medications
  1. See Also
    1. Generalized Edema
    2. Generalized Edema Below the Diaphragm
    3. Generalized Edema Above the Diaphragm
    4. Localized Edema
  2. Mechanism
    1. Edema is typically due to salt and water retention unless otherwise noted
  3. Causes: Antihypertensives
    1. Hydralazine
    2. Diazoxide (Hyperstat)
    3. Minoxidil
    4. Methyldopa
    5. Calcium Channel Blockers (e.g. Amlodipine)
    6. Beta Blockers
    7. Clonidine (Catapres)
  4. Causes: Endocrine agents
    1. Corticosteroids
    2. Estrogen
    3. Progesterone
    4. Testosterone
    5. Insulin
    6. Thiazolidinedione (e.g. Actos, Avandia)
  5. Causes: Neurologic and Psychiatric Medications
    1. Antidepressants
      1. Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors
      2. Trazodone
    2. Antipsychotics: Phenothiazines
      1. Thioridazine (Mellaril)
      2. Chlorpromazine (Thorazine)
      3. Trifluoperazine (Stelazine)
      4. Thiothixene (Navane)
    3. Neurologic Medications
      1. Dopamine Agonists such as Pramipexole (Mirapex)
      2. Gabapentin
      3. Pregabalin
  6. Causes: Chemotherapy
    1. Interleukin-2 (Increased Vascular permeability)
    2. Interleukin-4
    3. Interferon alfa
    4. Docetaxel (Taxotere)
    5. Cyclophosphamide
    6. Cyclosporine
    7. Mithramycin
    8. Cytosine Arbinoside
    9. Granulocyte colony-stmulating factor
    10. Granulocyte-macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor
  7. Causes: Miscellaneous agents
    1. Acyclovir (Zovirax)
    2. Buprenorphine
    3. Diuretic Abuse or Laxative abuse
      1. Increases renin and aldosterone levels
      2. Rebound salt retention on stopping medication
    4. Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs)
      1. Ibuprofen
      2. Celecoxib (Celebrex)
  8. References
    1. (2019) Presc Lett
    2. Trayes (2013) Am Fam Physician 88(2): 102-10 [PubMed]

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