Mental Health Book

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Sleep Disorders

Aka: Sleep Disorders, Sleep Disorders in Adults, Adult Sleep Problems
  1. See Also
    1. Pediatric Sleep Disorders
  2. Epidemiology
    1. Sleep Disorders affect 50 to 70 million U.S. adults
    2. Sleep per night <6 hours in 40% of U.S. adults
  3. Complications
    1. Specific causes of sleep disturbance (e.g. Obstructive Sleep Apnea) have more specific complications
    2. Sleep disturbance is associated with decreased quality of life and increased all cause mortality
    3. Motor Vehicle Accident increased risk
    4. Hypertension
  4. Types
    1. See Pediatric Sleep Disorders
    2. Problems falling asleep
      1. Insomnia
        1. Disorder of Initiating and Maintaining Sleep (DIMS)
      2. Delayed Sleep Phase
        1. Shifted sleep cycle to later sleep onset and later wake time (esp. teens and young adults)
    3. Behavior and movement disturbance during sleep sleep
      1. Restless Legs Syndrome
        1. Uncomfortable Sensation in both legs (Akathisia) interfering with sleep
      2. Periodic Limb Movement
        1. Periodic, repetitive and stereotypic limb movements (especially legs) during sleep
      3. REM Sleep Behavior Disorder
        1. Motor activity during sleep (e.g. acting out dreams)
      4. Parasomnias (e.g. Sleep Walking, Nightmares)
        1. Parasomnias start in childhood and may persist into adulthood
    4. Excessive Daytime Sleepiness
      1. Obstructive Sleep Apnea
        1. Loud snoring, witnessed apneas and Daytime Somnolence
      2. Narcolepsy
        1. Excessive Daytime Sleepiness, Cataplexy and Hallucinations (on going to sleep and awakening)
  5. Diagnostics
    1. See Polysomnogram (Sleep Study)
  6. References
    1. Holder (2022) Am Fam Physician 105(4): 397-405 [PubMed]

Sleep Disorders (C0851578)

Definition (MEDLINEPLUS)

Is it hard for you to fall asleep or stay asleep through the night? Do you wake up feeling tired or feel very sleepy during the day, even if you have had enough sleep? You might have a sleep disorder. The most common kinds are

  • Insomnia - a hard time falling or staying asleep
  • Sleep apnea - breathing interruptions during sleep
  • Restless legs syndrome - a tingling or prickly sensation in the legs
  • Narcolepsy - daytime "sleep attacks"

Nightmares, night terrors, sleepwalking, sleep talking, head banging, wetting the bed and grinding your teeth are kinds of sleep problems called parasomnias. There are treatments for most sleep disorders. Sometimes just having regular sleep habits can help.
Definition (NCI) A change from the patient's baseline sleeping pattern, either an increase or a decrease in the number of hours slept. This can also refer to alterations in the stages of sleep.
Definition (NCI_NCI-GLOSS) A disturbance of normal sleep patterns. There are a number of sleep disorders that range from trouble falling asleep, to nightmares, sleepwalking, and sleep apnea (problems with breathing that cause loud snoring). Poor sleep may also be caused by diseases such as heart disease, lung disease, or nerve disorders.
Definition (MSH) Conditions characterized by disturbances of usual sleep patterns or behaviors. Sleep disorders may be divided into three major categories: DYSSOMNIAS (i.e. disorders characterized by insomnia or hypersomnia), PARASOMNIAS (abnormal sleep behaviors), and sleep disorders secondary to medical or psychiatric disorders. (From Thorpy, Sleep Disorders Medicine, 1994, p187)
Definition (CSP) conditions characterized by disturbances of usual sleep patterns or behaviors; divided into three major categories: dyssomnias (i.e. disorders characterized by insomnia or hypersomnia), parasomnias (abnormal sleep behaviors), and sleep disorders secondary to medical or psychiatric disorders.
Concepts Disease or Syndrome (T047)
MSH D012893
ICD10 G47, G47.9
SnomedCT 206757006, 268775007, 194436004, 154927001, 39898005
English SLEEP DISORDER, Sleep problem, Sleep disorder, unspecified, Sleep dysfunction NOS, [D]Sleep dysfunction NOS (context-dependent category), [D]Sleep dysfunction NOS, SLEEP DIS, Sleep-wake disorder, Sleep disorders and disturbances, Disorder sleep, Sleep disorder (NOS), Sleep disorder NOS, Sleep Disorders [Disease/Finding], Disorder;sleep, Problem;sleep, Sleep disorders, sleep disorder (diagnosis), sleep disorder, Sleep-wake disorder (disorder), [D]Sleep dysfunction NOS (situation), DISTURBANCES, SLEEP, parasomnia, SLEEP DISTURBANCES, Sleep disorder, Sleep disorder (disorder), sleep disorders, disorders, sleep, Sleep disorder, NOS, Sleep Disorders, Sleep Disorder, sleep problem
German SCHLAFSTOERUNGEN, Erkrankungen und Stoerungen des Schlafes, Schlafproblem, Schlafstoerung (NNB), Schlafstoerung NNB, Schlafstoerung, nicht naeher bezeichnet, Schlafstoerungen, Schlafstoerung, Schlafstörungen
Italian Anomalie e disturbi del sonno, Disturbo del sonno, Disturbo del sonno NAS, Problema di sonno, Disturbo del sonno (NAS), Disturbi del sonno
Dutch stoornis slaap, slaapprobleem, slaapstoornis (NAO), slaapstoornis NAO, Slaapstoornis, niet gespecificeerd, slaapstoornissen en -afwijkingen, slaapstoornis, Slaapstoornis, Slaapstoornissen, Stoornis, slaap-, Stoornissen, slaap-
French Trouble du sommeil SAI, TROUBLE DU SOMMEIL, Trouble du sommeil, Troubles et anomalies du sommeil, Troubles du sommeil
Portuguese Perturbação do sono NE, Problema com o sono, PERTURBACAO DO SONO, Distúrbios do Sono, Perturbação do sono, Perturbações e alterações do sono, Transtornos do Sono
Spanish Problema del sueño, Trastorno del sueño (NEOM), Trastorno del sueño NEOM, [D]disfunción del sueño, SAI (categoría dependiente del contexto), SUENO, TRASTORNO, [D]disfunción del sueño, SAI (situación), [D]disfunción del sueño, SAI, trastorno del sueño (trastorno), trastorno del sueño, Trastorno del sueño, Trastornos y alteraciones del sueño, Trastornos del Sueño
Japanese 睡眠障害ＮＯＳ, 睡眠障害（ＮＯＳ）, ｽｲﾐﾝｼｮｳｶﾞｲNOS, ｽｲﾐﾝｼｮｳｶﾞｲ, 睡眠障害
Swedish Sömnstörningar
Finnish Unihäiriöt
Russian SNA RASSTROISTVA, NOCHNYE UZHASY, НОЧНЫЕ УЖАСЫ, СНА РАССТРОЙСТВА
Czech Porucha spánku NOS, Porucha spánku, Porucha spánku (NOS), Poruchy a narušení spánku, Problém se spánkem, poruchy spánku, spánek - poruchy
Korean 수면 장애, 상세불명의 수면 장애
Croatian SPAVANJE, POREMEĆAJI
Polish Zaburzenia snu
Hungarian Alvás betegségek és zavarok, Alvás probléma, Alvászavar (k.m.n.), Alvászavar k.m.n., Alvászavar
Norwegian Ikke-organiske søvnforstyrrelser, Dyssomnier, Søvnvansker, Søvnforstyrrelser
Sources
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)


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