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Diazepam

Aka: Diazepam, Valium
  1. See Also
    1. Benzodiazepine
  2. Indications
    1. Insomnia
    2. Anxiety Disorder
    3. Alcohol Withdrawal
    4. Seizure Disorder
    5. Musculoskeletal spasm
    6. Tetanus
  3. Contraindications
    1. Acute Narrow Angle Glaucoma
    2. Untreated Open Angle Glaucoma
    3. Children under age 6 years
  4. Pharmacokinetics
    1. Half Life: 20-90 hours
  5. Precautions
    1. Avoid when requiring optimal mental status
      1. Driving
      2. Operating machinery
    2. Use caution if risk of cardiopulmonary depression
      1. Elderly
      2. Very ill patients
      3. Limited pulmonary reserve (e.g. COPD)
    3. Do not use with other cardiopulmonary depressants
      1. Alcohol
      2. Barbiturates
    4. Intravenous Injection
      1. Inject intravenously slowly (1 ml per minute)
      2. Reduce dose to 70% when administering with Narcotic
  6. Adverse Reactions
    1. Common General affects
      1. Drowsiness
      2. Fatigue
      3. Ataxia
      4. Benzodiazepine Dependence with withdrawal symptoms
    2. Local injection side affects (inject slowly)
      1. Venous thrombosis
      2. Phlebitis
  7. Dosing
    1. Anxiety Disorder
      1. Dose: 2 to 10 mg PO bid to qid
      2. Maximum Daily Dose: 40 mg
    2. Acute Alcohol Withdrawal
      1. First day: 10 mg PO tid to qid
      2. Next days: 5 mg PO tid to qid
    3. Musculoskeletal spasm
      1. Dose: 2 to 10 mg PO tid to qid
    4. Seizure disorder
      1. Dose: 2 to 10 mg PO qd
    5. Older patients or with comorbid condition
      1. Dose: 2 to 2.5 mg PO qd to bid
  8. Preparations
    1. Equivalents to 10 mg Diazepam (for withdrawal protocol)
      1. Alprazolam (Xanax) 1 mg
      2. Chlordiazepoxide (Librium) 25 mg
      3. Clonazepam (Klonopin) 4 mg
      4. Flurazepam (Dalmane) 15 mg
      5. Halazepam (Paxipam) 40 mg
      6. Lorazepam (Ativan) 2 mg
      7. Oxazepam (Serax) 10 mg
      8. Temazepam (Restoril) 10 mg
    2. Equivalents to 60 mg Diazepam (for withdrawal protocol)
      1. Alprazolam (Xanax) 6 mg
      2. Chlordiazepoxide (Librium) 150 mg
      3. Clonazepam (Klonopin) 24 mg
      4. Flurazepam (Dalmane) 90 mg
      5. Halazepam (Paxipam) 240 mg
      6. Lorazepam (Ativan) 12 mg
      7. Oxazepam (Serax) 60 mg
      8. Temazepam (Restoril) 60 mg
Medication Costs
diazepam (on 12/21/2016 at Medicaid.Gov Pharmacy Drug pricing)
DIAZEPAM 10 MG RECTAL GEL SYST Generic $247.64 each
DIAZEPAM 10 MG TABLET Generic $0.02 each
DIAZEPAM 2 MG TABLET Generic $0.02 each
DIAZEPAM 20 MG RECTAL GEL SYST Generic $244.45 each
DIAZEPAM 5 MG TABLET Generic $0.02 each
DIAZEPAM 5 MG/5 ML SOLUTION Generic $0.11 per ml
DIAZEPAM 5 MG/ML ORAL CONC Generic $0.97 per ml
FPNotebook does not benefit financially from showing this medication data or their pharmacy links. This information is provided only to help medical providers and their patients see relative costs. Insurance plans negotiate lower medication prices with suppliers. Prices shown here are out of pocket, non-negotiated rates. See Needy Meds for financial assistance information.

Diazepam (C0012010)

Definition (MSH) A benzodiazepine with anticonvulsant, anxiolytic, sedative, muscle relaxant, and amnesic properties and a long duration of action. Its actions are mediated by enhancement of GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID activity.
Definition (CHV) antianxiety drug
Definition (NCI) A benzodiazepine derivative with anti-anxiety, sedative, hypnotic and anticonvulsant properties. Diazepam potentiates the inhibitory activities of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) by binding to the GABA receptor, located in the limbic system and the hypothalamus. This increases the frequency of chloride channel opening, allowing the flow of chloride ions into the neuron and ultimately leading to membrane hyperpolarization and a decrease in neuronal excitability.
Definition (NCI_NCI-GLOSS) A drug used to treat mild to moderate anxiety and tension and to relax muscles. It is a type of benzodiazepine.
Definition (CSP) benzodiazepine with anticonvulsant, anxiolytic, sedative, muscle relaxant, and amnesic properties and a long duration of action; its actions are mediated by enhancement of amma-aminobutyric acid activity; it is used in the treatment of severe anxiety disorders, as a hypnotic in the short-term management of insomnia, as a sedative and premedicant, as an anticonvulsant, and in the management of alcohol withdrawal syndrome.
Concepts Pharmacologic Substance (T121) , Organic Chemical (T109)
MSH D003975
SnomedCT 321193007, 334003005, 330105005, 323057003, 387264003, 48546005
LNC LP16108-0, MTHU003363
English Diazepam, 7-Chloro-1,3-dihydro-1-methyl-5-phenyl-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one, 2H-1,4-Benzodiazepin-2-one, 7-chloro-1,3-dihydro-1-methyl-5-phenyl-, Diazepam [anxiolytic], Diazepam [skel musc relax], diazepam, Diazepam [anaesthesia], Diazepam [anesthesia], Diazepam [epilepsy use], Diazepam [skeletal muscle relaxant], DIAZEPAM, diazepam (medication), diazepam as anxiolytic (medication), diazepam as anxiolytic, Diazepam [Chemical/Ingredient], Diazepam [skeletal muscle relaxant] (product), Diazepam [anxiolytic] (product), Diazepam [epilepsy use] (product), Diazepam [anesthesia] (product), Diazepam product, Diazepam (product), Diazepam (substance), Diazepam [anesthesia] (substance), Diazepam [anxiolytic] (substance), Diazepam [epilepsy use] (substance), Diazepam [skeletal muscle relaxant] (substance)
Swedish Diazepam
Czech diazepam
Finnish Diatsepaami
Russian APAURIN, SEDUKSEN, SIBAZON, VALIUM, DIAZEPAM, RELANIUM, АПАУРИН, ВАЛИУМ, ДИАЗЕПАМ, РЕЛАНИУМ, СЕДУКСЕН, СИБАЗОН
Japanese ジアゼパム
Spanish diazepam (producto), diacepam, diacepam (producto), diazepam [miorrelajante], diazapam [indicado para la epilepsia] (producto), diazepam [ansiolítico] (producto), diazepam [anestésico], diazepam [miorrelajante] (producto), diazapam [indicado para la epilepsia], diazepam [ansiolítico], diazepam [anestésico] (producto), Diacepam, Valium, diacepam (sustancia), diazepam (sustancia), diazepam, Diazepam
Italian 7-Cloro-1,3-diidro-1-metil-5-fenil-2H-1,4-benzodiazepina-2-one, Diazepam
Croatian DIAZEPAM
Polish Relanium, Diazepam, Walium
Portuguese Valium, Diazepam
French Diazépam, Valium
German Diazepam
Sources
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)


Valium (C0699187)

Concepts Pharmacologic Substance (T121) , Organic Chemical (T109)
MSH D003975
English diazepam (Valium) injection, valium, Valium
Sources
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)


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