//fpnotebook.com/
Cigarette
Aka: Cigarette, Tobacco, Tobacco Abuse, Tobacco Smoking
- See Also
- Tobacco Cessation
- Passive Smoke Exposure
- Epidemiology
- Smoking is the top cause of preventable death in U.S.
- Dwarfs Alcohol and Drug Abuse deaths and HIV combined
- Mortality in the United States
- Deaths per year: 434,000
- Deaths per day: >1000
- Prevalence of smoking in United States
- Overall adults: 25% (47 Million smoking)
- Ages 18-24 years: 33%
- Medical costs of Tobacco Abuse
- Direct: $50 billion
- Indirect: may approach additional $50 billion
- Risk Factors
- Lower socioeconomic groups
- Lower education Levels
- Adult smokers begin in adolescence (95% before age 20)
- Complications: Tobacco Abuse in Pregnancy
- Low Birth Weight Infant
- High Carbon Monoxide load for fetus
- High Hematocrit for fetus
- Labs
- Spirometry in 10 pack year smokers over age 40
- Evaluate for COPD
- References
- Zielinski (2001) Chest 119:731-6 [PubMed]
- Adverse Effects
- Low tar Cigarettes carry the same risk of Lung Cancer
- Harris (2004) 328:72-6 [PubMed]
- College student smokers have impaired quality of life
- Martinez (2004) Chest 125:425-8 [PubMed]
- Infections with increased risk related to Tobacco use
- Upper Respiratory Infections
- Pneumonia
- Tuberculosis
- Influenza
- Legionnaire's Disease
- Periodontal Disease and ulcers
- Otitis Media (Passive Smoke Exposure)
- Arcavi (2004) Arch Intern Med 164:2206-16 [PubMed]
- Management
- See Tobacco Cessation
- Resources
- CDC Tobacco Page
- http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco