Pharmacology Book

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Drug Metabolism

Aka: Drug Metabolism, Medication Kinetics, Drug Pharmacokinetics, Absorption Distribution Metabolism Excretion, ADME
  1. See Also
    1. Drug Interaction
  2. Definitions
    1. Pharmacokinetics (or kinetics)
      1. Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism and Excretion (ADME)
  3. Types: Proteins that increase drug water solubility and in turn aid elimination
    1. Cytochrome P450
      1. Enzymes: CYP1A2, CYP2C9, CYPC19, CYP2D6, CYP2E1, CYP3A4
    2. Uridine Diphosphate-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) Conjugating Enzyme
      1. Glucuronosyltransferases perform Glucuronidation primarily in the liver and aid drug excretion
  4. Types: Transport proteins move drugs and metabolites from one body compartment to another
    1. Adenosine Triphosphate binding casette (ABC) drug uptake/efflux transporters
      1. Enzymes: Efflux pump P-Glycoprotein (P-gp)
    2. Organic anion-transporting polypeptide (OATP) drug transporters
      1. Enzymes: OATP1A1, OATP1A2, OATP2B1
  5. References
    1. Asher (2017) Am Fam Physician 96(2): 101-7 [PubMed]

Drug Kinetics (C0031327)

Definition (CHV) how a drug is absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and eliminated by the body
Definition (CHV) how a drug is absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and eliminated by the body
Definition (NCI_CDISC) The characteristic movements of drugs within biological systems, as affected by absorption, distribution, binding, elimination, biotransformation, and excretion; particularly the rates of such movements. (NCI)
Definition (NCI_NCI-GLOSS) The activity of drugs in the body over a period of time, including the processes by which drugs are absorbed, distributed in the body, localized in the tissues, and excreted.
Definition (NCI) The characteristic movements of drugs within biological systems, as affected by absorption, distribution, binding, elimination, biotransformation, and excretion; particularly the rates of such movements.
Definition (MSH) Dynamic and kinetic mechanisms of exogenous chemical and DRUG LIBERATION; ABSORPTION; BIOLOGICAL TRANSPORT; TISSUE DISTRIBUTION; BIOTRANSFORMATION; elimination; and DRUG TOXICITY as a function of dosage, and rate of METABOLISM. LADMER, ADME and ADMET are abbreviations for liberation, absorption, distribution, metabolism, elimination, and toxicology.
Definition (CSP) distribution and effectiveness of a drug throughout the body as a function of route, schedule, vehicle, chemical isomer, metabolism, and other factors.
Concepts Physiologic Function (T039)
MSH D010599
English Drug Kinetics, Kinetics, Drug, Pharmacokinetics, mechanism of action, PHARMACOKIN, PK, drug kinetics, pharmacokinetics
Swedish Farmakokinetik
Czech farmakokinetika
Finnish Farmakokinetiikka
French Cinétique d'un médicament, Pharmacocinétique
Italian Cinetica del farmaco, Farmacocinetica
Russian KINETIKA LEKARSTV, FARMAKOKINETIKA, КИНЕТИКА ЛЕКАРСТВ, ФАРМАКОКИНЕТИКА
Japanese 薬物速度論, 毒物動態学, 薬動学, 薬物動態, 動力学-薬物, 動態学-薬物, 薬物動力学, 速度論-薬物, 薬物動態学
Croatian FARMAKOKINETIKA
Polish Farmakokinetyka, Toksykokinetyka, Kinetyka leku
Norwegian Not Translated[Pharmacokinetics]
German Arzneimittelkinetik, Kinetik, Arzneimittel-, Pharmakokinetik
Dutch Farmacokinetiek
Portuguese Cinética de Drogas, Farmacocinética
Spanish Cinética de Drogas, Farmacocinética
Sources
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)


drug metabolism (C0683140)

Definition (NCI) A series of chemical modifications of a drug compound by enzymatic activity that make the substrate (drug) more water soluble to allow its clearance from the body. Drug metabolism occurs in two phases: Phase I (biotransformation) involves oxidation, hydroxylation reduction, and hydrolysis. Phase II (conjugation) involves synthesis and conjugation.
Definition (CSP) the buildup and breakdown of drugs for utilization by the organism.
Definition (GO) The chemical reactions and pathways involving a drug, a substance used in the diagnosis, treatment or prevention of a disease; as used here antibiotic substances (see antibiotic metabolism) are considered to be drugs, even if not used in medical or veterinary practice. [GOC:cab2]
Concepts Molecular Function (T044)
English drug metabolic process, drug biotransformation, drugs metabolism, biotransformation drugs, drug metabolism, biotransformation drug, metabolism drug, Drug Metabolism
Sources
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)


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