Pharmacology Book

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Essential Oils

Aka: Essential Oils, Volatile Oils, Aromatherapy
  1. Definitions
    1. Scented liquid ("essence") extracted from plants, and diffused into the air as part of Aromatherapy
  2. Efficacy
    1. May be effective for a variety of painful conditions based on limited evidence
  3. Precautions
    1. Essential Oils are very concentrated solutions
    2. Avoid ingesting Essential Oils
    3. When using topically, dilute solution and apply only a small amount to unbroken skin
  4. Adverse Effects
    1. Inhaled (Aromatherapy)
      1. Unlikely to be harmful in the short-term
    2. Topicals (esp. if applied to open wounds, or if not diluted)
      1. Systemic absorption (e.g. Gynecomastia may occur in boys exposed to lavender)
      2. Contact Dermatitis
      3. Photosensitivity (e.g. citrus)
    3. Oral
      1. Avoid ingestion!
      2. Keep out of reach of children and pets
        1. Adverse effects vary by essential oil
        2. Life threatening effects may occur with some agents (e.g. ingested Tea Tree Oil may cause coma in children)
  5. References
    1. (2018) Presc Lett 25(10):59

Oils, Volatile (C0028910)

Definition (NCI_NCI-GLOSS) The scented liquid taken from certain plants using steam or pressure. Essential oils contain the natural chemicals that give the plant its "essence" (specific odor and flavor). Essential oils are used in perfumes, food flavorings, medicine, and aromatherapy.
Definition (MSH) Oils which evaporate readily. The volatile oils occur in aromatic plants, to which they give odor and other characteristics. Most volatile oils consist of a mixture of two or more TERPENES or of a mixture of an eleoptene (the more volatile constituent of a volatile oil) with a stearopten (the more solid constituent). The synonym essential oils refers to the essence of a plant, as its perfume or scent, and not to its indispensability.
Concepts Organic Chemical (T109)
MSH D009822
SnomedCT 35079003
English Oils, Essential, Oils, Volatile, Volatile Oils, Essential Oils, essential oils, essential oils (medication), Oils, Volatile [Chemical/Ingredient], volatile oil, Essential Oil, essential oil, Essential oil, Distilled oil, Essence, Volatile oil, Volatile oil (substance), Essential oils, OILS,ESSENTIAL
Swedish Oljor, flyktiga
Czech oleje prchavé, oleje esenciální, oleje éterické
Finnish Haihtuvat öljyt
Russian MASLA LETUCHIE, EFIRNYE MASLA, MASLA NEZAMENIMYE, МАСЛА ЛЕТУЧИЕ, ЭФИРНЫЕ МАСЛА, МАСЛА НЕЗАМЕНИМЫЕ
Italian Oli essenziali, Oli volatili
Polish Olejki lotne, Olejki eteryczne
Japanese 精油, 揮発性油
Spanish aceite destilado, aceite esencial, aceite volátil (sustancia), aceite volátil, esencia, Aceites Esenciales, Aceites Volátiles
French Huile essentielle
German Olea aetherea, Öle, ätherische
Portuguese Óleos Essenciais, Óleos Voláteis
Sources
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)


Aromatherapy (C0376547)

Definition (MSH) The use of fragrances and essences from plants to affect or alter a person's mood or behavior and to facilitate physical, mental, and emotional well-being. The chemicals comprising essential oils in plants has a host of therapeutic properties and has been used historically in Africa, Asia, and India. Its greatest application is in the field of alternative medicine. (From Random House Unabridged Dictionary, 2d ed; from Dr. Atiba Vheir, Dove Center, Washington, D.C.)
Definition (NIC) Administration of essential oils through massage, topical ointments or lotions, baths, inhalation, douches, or compresses (hot or cold) to calm and soothe, provide pain relief, enhance relaxation and comfort
Concepts Therapeutic or Preventive Procedure (T061)
MSH D019341
SnomedCT 394615007
English Aroma Therapies, Aroma Therapy, Aromatherapies, Therapies, Aroma, Therapy, Aroma, aromatherapy, AROMA THER, AROMATHER, THER AROMA, Aromatherapy, Aromatherapy (regime/therapy), Aroma therapy
Swedish Aromaterapi
Japanese ｱﾛﾏﾃﾗﾋﾟｰ, アロマテラピー, アロマセラピー, 芳香療法
Czech aromaterapie, Aromaterapie
Finnish Aroomaterapia
Russian AROMATOTERAPIIA, АРОМАТОТЕРАПИЯ
Polish Leczenie zapachami, Aromaterapia
Croatian AROMATERAPIJA
Hungarian Aromaterápia
Norwegian Aromaterapi
Spanish aromaterapia (régimen/tratamiento), aromaterapia, Aromaterapia
Dutch aromatherapie, Aromatherapie, Therapie, aroma-
French Aromathérapie, Thérapie par les arômes
German Aromatherapie
Italian Aromaterapia
Portuguese Aromaterapia
Sources
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)


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