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Genu Valgum
Aka: Genu Valgum, Knock-Knee
- Physiology: Normal course
- Birth: Maximal varus
- Age 2 years: Neutral position
- Ages 3-4 years: Maximal valgus (>10 degrees)
- Age >10 years: Anatomic valgus at 6 degrees
- Valgus deformity persists more in girls than boys
- Signs
- Knock-Kneed appearance
- Evaluate standing knee alignment
- Intercondylar distance
- Intermalleolar distance
- Tibiofemoral angle
- Precautions
- Onset as teen is unusual and warrants referral
- Atypical acquired cases may result from Trauma, prior Osteomyelitis or Fracture
- Differential Diagnosis (Pathologic Genu Valgum)
- Rickets
- Diastrophic dysplasia
- Morquio's Syndrome
- Ellis-van Creveld or Chondroectodermal Dysplasia
- Spondyloepiphyseal Dysplasia
- Pseudoachondroplasia
- Complications
- Premature Osteoarthritis
- References
- Rerucha (2017) Am Fam Physician 96(4): 226-33 [PubMed]