Orthopedics Book

Approach

Ankle Disorders

Cervicobrachial Disorders

Elbow Disorders

Foot Disorders

Hand Disorders

Hip Disorders

Infectious Disease

Knee Disorders

Shoulder Disorders

Cervical Spine Disorders

Lumbar Spine Disorders

Pelvis

Thoracic Spine Disorders

Wrist Disorders

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Low Back Exam

Aka: Low Back Exam, Low Back Assessment, Low Back Pain Exam
  1. See Also
    1. Low Back Pain
    2. Lumbar Spine Anatomy
    3. Low Back Pain History
    4. Low Back Pain Red Flags
    5. Low Back Exam
    6. Differential Diagnosis of Low Back Pain
    7. Rheumatologic Conditions affecting the Low Back
    8. Low Back Pain in Children
    9. Low Back Pain in Teen Athletes
  2. Precaution
    1. Back should be exposed (e.g. in gown) to allow for adequate palpation and visualization
  3. Exam: Approach
    1. Standing Low Back Exam
    2. Sitting Low Back Exam
    3. Supine Low Back Exam
    4. Neurologic Exam
      1. Sensory Exam
      2. Reflex Exam
      3. Motor Exam
      4. Clonus (suggests Upper Motor Neuron involvement)
  4. Exam: Other findings
    1. Gastrointestinal findings
      1. Epigastric or right upper quadrant tenderness
        1. Peptic Ulcer Disease
        2. Pancreatitis
        3. Cholecystitis
      2. Flank Pain
        1. Nephrolithiasis
      3. Midline pulsatile mass
        1. Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm
      4. Decreased rectal tone or decreased perineal sensation
        1. Cauda Equina Syndrome
    2. Genitourinary findings
      1. Adnexal tenderness or cervical motion tenderness
        1. Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
      2. Prostate tenderness and swelling
        1. Prostatitis
      3. Urinary Retention (with significant post-void residual)
        1. Cauda Equina Syndrome
    3. Vascular findings
      1. Varicosities of lower extremities
      2. Diminished peripheral pulses
        1. Peripheral Arterial Disease (Claudication)
    4. Skin Findings
      1. Cafe-Au-Lait Spots
      2. Cutaneous Signs of Dysraphism (e.g. midline hairy patches)
      3. Lipomata
      4. Pilonidal Cyst
      5. Perirectal Abscess
  5. Diagnostics
    1. See Low Back Imaging

Low Back Pain (C0024031)

Definition (MSH) Acute or chronic pain in the lumbar or sacral regions, which may be associated with musculo-ligamentous SPRAINS AND STRAINS; INTERVERTEBRAL DISK DISPLACEMENT; and other conditions.
Definition (AOT) see:http://www.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/MBrowser.html
Concepts Sign or Symptom (T184)
MSH D017116
ICD9 724.2
ICD10 M54.5
SnomedCT 156651006, 268083007, 202793005, 156648004, 40709005, 139421003, 267169009, 279039007
English Back Pain, Low, Back Pains, Low, Low Back Pains, Lumbago, Low Back Ache, Low Backache, Lower Back Pain, Ache, Low Back, Aches, Low Back, Back Ache, Low, Back Aches, Low, Back Pain, Lower, Back Pains, Lower, Backache, Low, Backaches, Low, Low Back Aches, Low Backaches, Lower Back Pains, Pain, Lower Back, Pains, Lower Back, LUMBAR PAIN, Pain, Low Back, Pains, Low Back, Nonspecific pain lumbar region, low back pain (symptom), lower back pain, lumbago (diagnosis), lumbar back pain, lumbar pain, lumbago, low back pain, Low back ache, Lumbago NOS, Low Back Pain [Disease/Finding], lumbalgia, Pain;back low, Pain;back;lumbar, low backache, low back pains, lower back pains, lumbar pains, Lower back pain, LBP - low back pain, Low back pain (disorder), Lumbago (disorder), backache lower, lower backache (diagnosis), lower backache, Low back pain, Low back syndrome, Lumbalgia, LBP - Low back pain, Nonspecific pain in the lumbar region, Lumbar pain, back; pain, low, backache; low, low back; pain, low; backache, pain; back, low, pain; low back, syndrome; low back, Lumbago (disorder) [Ambiguous], Low back pain (finding), Low Back Pain
Portuguese DOR LOMBAR, Moinha lombar, Dor lombar, Lombalgia, Dor Lombar, Lumbago
Dutch lumbago, pijn in de onderrug, lage rugpijn, lumbaalpijn, laag; rugpijn, lage rug; pijn, pijn; lage rug, pijn; onderste deel van rug, pijn; rug, laag, rug; pijn, laag, rugpijn; laag, syndroom; lage rug, Lage rugpijn, Lagerugpijn, Lumbago, Pijn, lagerug-
French Endolorissement de la région lombaire, Douleur dans la partie inférieure du dos, Douleur lombosacrale, DOULEUR LOMBAIRE, Douleur dorsale basse, Douleur lombaire basse, Douleur du bas du dos, Rachialgie lombo-sacrale, Rachialgie lombo-sacrée, Rachialgie lombosacrale, Rachialgie lombosacrée, Rachialgie lombaire, Lombalgie, Lumbago, Douleur lombaire, Douleur lombosacrée
German unterer Rueckenschmerz, unterer Rueckenschmerzen, lumbaler Schmerz, Kreuzschmerz, SCHMERZ LENDENGEGEND, Kreuzschmerzen, Lumbago, Lumbalsyndrom, Hexenschuß
Italian Dolore dorso-lombare, Lombalgia, Lombaggine, Dolore lombare
Spanish Dolor de la parte baja de la espalda, Dolor lumbar, dolor de espalda, LUMBAR, DOLOR, lumbalgia (trastorno), síndrome de dolor en la región inferior de la espalda, Lumbalgia, dolor inespecífico en la región lumbar, dolor lumbar, lumbago, lumbalgia (concepto no activo), lumbalgia (hallazgo), lumbalgia, Lumbago, Dolor de la Región Lumbar
Swedish Ländryggssmärta
Japanese ﾖｳﾂｳｼｮｳ, ﾖｳﾂｳ, 腰痛, 腰痛症
Czech lumbalgie, bolest v kříži, lumbago, Bolest dolní poloviny zad, Bederní bolest, Lumbago, ústřel, bolest bederní páteře, bolesti bederní páteře, bederní bolest
Finnish Alaselkäkipu
Russian RADIKULIT POIASNICHNYI, LIUMBAGO, POIASNICHNYI RADIKULIT, ЛЮМБАГО, ПОЯСНИЧНЫЙ РАДИКУЛИТ, РАДИКУЛИТ ПОЯСНИЧНЫЙ
Korean 아래허리통증
Polish Ból krzyża, Ból dolnego odcinka kręgosłupa, Lumbago, Ból okolicy lędźwiowo-krzyżowej
Hungarian Lumbago, Alsó háti fájdalom, derékfájás, Derékfájdalom, Lumbalis fájdalom
Norwegian Lumbago, Hekseskudd, Korsryggssmerter
Croatian BOL U KRIŽIMA, KRIŽOBOLJA
Sources
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)


examination of back (C2195214)

Concepts Diagnostic Procedure (T060)
English examination of back (physical finding), back exam, examination of back
Sources
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)


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