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Leg Rotation Evaluation in Children
Aka: Leg Rotation Evaluation in Children, Torsional Profile
- See Also
- Gait Evaluation in Children
- Foot Anatomy
- Clubfoot
- In-Toeing
- Out-toeing
- Metatarsus Adductus
- Congenital Vertical Talus
- Calcaneovalgus Deformity
- Pediatric Limp
- Foot Progression Angle
- Thigh-Foot Angle
- Hip Rotation Evaluation in Children
- Indications
- Limping Child
- Abnormal Gait in Children
- Criteria
- Foot Progression Angle
- Evaluate foot long axis relative to line of walking
- Based on line from heel to second to third toe
- Excessively negative Foot Progression Angle suggests In-Toeing
- Excessively positive Foot Progression Angle suggests Out-toeing
- Thigh-Foot Angle
- Patient lies prone, with knees flexed 90 degrees off table
- Assess angle between femur axis (line along length of bone) and foot axis (plantar line from heel to third web space)
- Thigh-Foot Angle internal rotation (medial rotation, In-Toeing)> 10 degrees suggests tibial torsion
- External Hip Rotation
- See Hip Rotation Evaluation in Children (includes normal ranges for age)
- Internal Hip Rotation
- See Hip Rotation Evaluation in Children (includes normal ranges for age)
- Interpretation
- Measurements 2 S.D. Outside the mean are considerd abnormal and often warrant specialty Consultation
- References
- Rerucha (2017) Am Fam Physician 96(4): 226-33 [PubMed]