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Third Generation Broad-Spectrum Cephalosporins
Aka: Third Generation Broad-Spectrum Cephalosporins, Third Generation Cephalosporins, Ceftriaxone, Ceftizoxime, Cefotaxime, Cefpodoxime, Cefixime, Claforan, Rocephin, Vantin, Cefdinir, Omnicef- See Also
- Mechanism: Spectrum of Activity
- Gram Positive Cocci
- Less activity than First Generation Cephalosporins
- EKP Gram Negative Bacteria
- ESP Gram Negative Bacteria
- Better activity than First Generation Cephalosporins
- Better activity than Second Generation Cephalosporins
- No Pseudomonas activity
- Gram Positive Cocci
- Preparations: Oral agents
- Cefixime (Suprax)
- Adult
- Standard: 400 mg PO divided qd to bid
- Gonorrhea: 400 mg PO for single dose
- Child: 8 mg/kg/day divided daily to twice daily
- Adult
- Cefpodoxime (Vantin)
- Good activity Gram Positive organisms
- Covers Staphylococcus aureus
- Covers Pneumococcus
- Adult: 100 to 400 mg orally twice daily
- Child
- Pharyngitis: 10 mg/kg/day divided twice daily
- Otitis Media: 10 mg/kg/day taken daily
- Good activity Gram Positive organisms
- Cefdinir (Omnicef)
- Age >13 years, Adult: 300 mg orally twice daily or 600 mg orally once daily
- Child <13 years old: 14 mg/kg/day divided once to twice daily
- Cefixime (Suprax)
- Preparations: Parenteral agents
- Cefotaxime (Claforan)
- Most Staphylococcus aureus and Anaerobic activity
- Adult: 1 to 2 grams IM or IV every 6 to 8 hours
- Child
- Standard: 50-150 mg/kg/day IM or IV divided q4-6h
- Meningitis: 200 mg/kg/day IV divided q6-8h
- Maximum dose: 2 grams
- Ceftizoxime (Cefizox)
- Moderate Staphylococcus aureus and Anaerobic Activity
- Adult: 1 to 2 grams IV every 8 to 12 hours
- Child: 50 mg/kg/dose IV every 6 to 8 hours
- Ceftriaxone (Rocephin)
- Least Staphylococcus and Anaerobic activity
- Dilute in Lidocaine 1% for Intramuscular Injection
- In adults, 2 gram dose is preferred in >100 kg or critically ill patients
- Adult
- Standard: 1-2 grams IM or IV every 24 hours
- Gonorrhea: 250 mg IM single dose
- Child
- Standard: 50-75 mg/kg/day IV divided every 12-24 hours
- Meningitis: 100 mg/kg/day IV divided every 12-24 hours (twice daily is preferred)
- Otitis Media: 50 mg/kg IM single dose (max: 1g)
- Maximum Dose: 2 grams (4 grams for Meningitis)
- Cefotaxime (Claforan)
| Medication Costs | ||
|---|---|---|
| ceftriaxone (on 8/17/2016 at Medicaid.Gov Pharmacy Drug pricing) | ||
| CEFTRIAXONE 1 GM VIAL | Generic | $1.72 each |
| CEFTRIAXONE 250 MG VIAL | Generic | $0.78 each |
| CEFTRIAXONE 500 MG VIAL | Generic | $0.94 each |
| cefpodoxime (on 5/17/2017 at Medicaid.Gov Pharmacy Drug pricing) | ||
| CEFPODOXIME 100 MG TABLET | Generic | $3.90 each |
| CEFPODOXIME 100 MG/5 ML SUSP | Generic | $1.23 per ml |
| CEFPODOXIME 200 MG TABLET | Generic | $4.99 each |
| cefixime (on 4/19/2017 at Medicaid.Gov Pharmacy Drug pricing) | ||
| CEFIXIME 100 MG/5 ML SUSP | Generic | $3.15 per ml |
| CEFIXIME 200 MG/5 ML SUSP | Generic | $5.95 per ml |
| cefdinir (on 5/17/2017 at Medicaid.Gov Pharmacy Drug pricing) | ||
| CEFDINIR 125 MG/5 ML SUSP | Generic | $0.29 per ml |
| CEFDINIR 250 MG/5 ML SUSP | Generic | $0.30 per ml |
| CEFDINIR 300 MG CAPSULE | Generic | $0.66 each |
| FPNotebook does not benefit financially from showing this medication data or their pharmacy links. This information is provided only to help medical providers and their patients see relative costs. Insurance plans negotiate lower medication prices with suppliers. Prices shown here are out of pocket, non-negotiated rates. See Needy Meds for financial assistance information. | ||
Cefotaxime (C0007554) |
|
|---|---|
| Definition (NCI) | A third generation semisynthetic cephalosporin antibiotic with bactericidal activity. Cefotaxime inhibits mucopeptide synthesis by binding to and inactivating penicillin binding proteins thereby interfering with the final transpeptidation step required for cross-linking of peptidoglycan units which are a component of bacterial cell walls. This results in a reduction of cell wall stability and causes cell lysis. |
| Definition (MSH) | Semisynthetic broad-spectrum cephalosporin. |
| Definition (PDQ) | A third generation semisynthetic cephalosporin antibiotic with bactericidal activity. Cefotaxime inhibits mucopeptide synthesis by binding to and inactivating penicillin binding proteins thereby interfering with the final transpeptidation step required for cross-linking of peptidoglycan units which are a component of bacterial cell walls. This results in a reduction of cell wall stability and causes cell lysis. Check for "http://www.cancer.gov/Search/ClinicalTrialsLink.aspx?id=39177&idtype=1" active clinical trials or "http://www.cancer.gov/Search/ClinicalTrialsLink.aspx?id=39177&idtype=1&closed=1" closed clinical trials using this agent. ("http://nciterms.nci.nih.gov:80/NCIBrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&code=C354" NCI Thesaurus) |
| Concepts | Antibiotic (T195) , Organic Chemical (T109) |
| MSH | D002439 |
| SnomedCT | 3334000, 372704003 |
| LNC | LP14831-9, MTHU002074 |
| English | Cefotaxim, Cefotaxime, Cephotaxim, 5-Thia-1-azabicyclo(4.2.0)oct-2-ene-2-carboxylic acid, 3-((acetyloxy)methyl)-7-(((2-amino-4-thiazolyl)(methoxyimino)acetyl)amino)-8-oxo-, monosodium salt, (6R-(6alpha,7beta(Z)))-, cefotaxime (medication), Cefotaxime [Chemical/Ingredient], cefotaxim, cefotaxime, CEFOTAXIME, Cefotaxime product, Cefotaxime (product), Cefotaxime (substance) |
| Swedish | Cefotaxim |
| Czech | cefotaxim |
| Finnish | Kefotaksiimi |
| Russian | TSEFOTAKSIM, ЦЕФОТАКСИМ |
| Japanese | セフォタキシム |
| Croatian | CEFOTAKSIM |
| Polish | Cefotaksym |
| Spanish | cefotaxima (producto), cefotaxima (sustancia), cefotaxima, Cefotaxima |
| French | Céfotaxime |
| German | Cefotaxim |
| Italian | Cefotaxima |
| Portuguese | Cefotaxima |
| Sources |
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System) |
Ceftizoxime (C0007560) |
|
|---|---|
| Definition (NCI) | A semisynthetic, broad-spectrum, beta-lactamase-resistant, third-generation cephalosporin with antibacterial activity. Ceftizoxime binds to and inactivates penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) located on the inner membrane of the bacterial cell wall. PBPs are enzymes involved in the terminal stages of assembling the bacterial cell wall and in reshaping the cell wall during growth and division. Inactivation of PBPs interferes with the cross-linkage of peptidoglycan chains necessary for bacterial cell wall strength and rigidity. This results in the weakening of the bacterial cell wall and causes cell lysis. |
| Definition (MSH) | A semisynthetic cephalosporin antibiotic which can be administered intravenously or by suppository. The drug is highly resistant to a broad spectrum of beta-lactamases and is active against a wide range of both aerobic and anaerobic gram-positive and gram-negative organisms. It has few side effects and is reported to be safe and effective in aged patients and in patients with hematologic disorders. |
| Concepts | Antibiotic (T195) , Organic Chemical (T109) |
| MSH | D015296 |
| SnomedCT | 372770006, 54577009 |
| LNC | LP15253-5, MTHU004181 |
| English | Ceftizoxime, 5-Thia-1-azabicyclo(4.2.0)oct-2-ene-2-carboxylic acid, 7-(((2-amino-4-thiazolyl)(methoxyimino)acetyl)amino)-8-oxo-, (6R-(6alpha,7beta(Z)))-, Ceftizoxime [Chemical/Ingredient], ceftizoxime, Ceftizoxime (product), Ceftizoxime (substance), CEFTIZOXIME |
| Swedish | Ceftizoxim |
| Czech | ceftizoxim, cefpodoxim proxetil |
| Finnish | Keftitsoksiimi |
| Russian | TSEFTIZOKSIM, ЦЕФТИЗОКСИМ |
| Japanese | セフチゾキシムナトリウム, セフチゾキシム |
| Croatian | CEFTIZOKSIM |
| Polish | Ceftyzoksym |
| Spanish | ceftizoxima (producto), ceftizoxima (sustancia), ceftizoxima, Ceftizoxima |
| French | Ceftizoxime |
| German | Ceftizoxim |
| Italian | Ceftizoxima |
| Portuguese | Ceftizoxima |
| Sources |
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System) |
Rocephin (C0035750) |
|
|---|---|
| Concepts | Antibiotic (T195) , Organic Chemical (T109) |
| MSH | D002443 |
| English | Rocefin, ceftriaxone (Rocephin), rocefin, rocephin, Rocephin, Hoffman La Roche Brand of Ceftriaxone Sodium, Hoffman-La Roche Brand of Ceftriaxone Sodium, Rocefalin, Rocephine, Roche Brand of Ceftriaxone Sodium |
| Sources |
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System) |
cefpodoxime (C0055011) |
|
|---|---|
| Definition (NCI) | A third generation semi-synthetic cephalosporin and a beta-lactam antibiotic with bactericidal activity. Cefpodoxime's effect is dependent on its binding to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) located in the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane. Binding results in the inhibition of the transpeptidase enzymes, thereby preventing cross-linking of the pentaglycine bridge with the fourth residue of the pentapeptide and interrupting consequent synthesis of peptidoglycan chains. As a result, cefpodoxime inhibits bacterial septum and cell wall synthesis formation. |
| Concepts | Antibiotic (T195) , Organic Chemical (T109) |
| MSH | C053268 |
| SnomedCT | 387534007, 96049003 |
| LNC | LP15210-5, MTHU003033 |
| English | 5-Thia-1-azabicyclo(4.2.0)oct-2-ene-2-carboxylic acid, 7-(((2-amino-4-thiazolyl)(methoxyimino)acetyl)amino)-3-(methoxymethyl)-8-oxo-, monosodium salt, (6R-(6alpha,7beta(Z)))-, cefpodoxime, CEFPODOXIME, Cefpodoxime, Cefpodoxime (product), Cefpodoxime (substance) |
| Spanish | cefpodoxima (producto), cefpodoxima (sustancia), cefpodoxima |
| Sources |
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System) |
Cefixime (C0060400) |
|
|---|---|
| Definition (NCI_NCI-GLOSS) | An antibiotic drug used to treat infection. It belongs to the family of drugs called cephalosporins. |
| Definition (NCI) | A broad-spectrum, third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic derived semisynthetically from the marine fungus Cephalosporium acremonium with antibacterial activity. As does penicillin, the beta-lactam antibiotic cefixime inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by disrupting peptidoglycan synthesis, resulting in a reduction in bacterial cell wall stability and bacterial cell lysis. Stable in the presence of a variety of beta-lactamases, this agent is more active against gram-negative bacteria and less active against gram-positive bacteria compared to second-generation cephalosporins. |
| Definition (MSH) | A third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic that is stable to hydrolysis by beta-lactamases. |
| Definition (PDQ) | A broad-spectrum, third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic derived semisynthetically from the marine fungus Cephalosporium acremonium with antibacterial activity. As does penicillin, the beta-lactam antibiotic cefixime inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by disrupting peptidoglycan synthesis, resulting in a reduction in bacterial cell wall stability and bacterial cell lysis. Stable in the presence of a variety of beta-lactamases, this agent is more active against gram-negative bacteria and less active against gram-positive bacteria compared to second-generation cephalosporins. Check for "http://www.cancer.gov/Search/ClinicalTrialsLink.aspx?id=37809&idtype=1" active clinical trials or "http://www.cancer.gov/Search/ClinicalTrialsLink.aspx?id=37809&idtype=1&closed=1" closed clinical trials using this agent. ("http://nciterms.nci.nih.gov:80/NCIBrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&code=C1100" NCI Thesaurus) |
| Concepts | Antibiotic (T195) , Organic Chemical (T109) |
| MSH | D020682 |
| SnomedCT | 387536009, 96052006 |
| LNC | LP17701-1, MTHU005580 |
| English | cefixime, cefixime (medication), 5-thia-1-azabicyclo(4.2.0)oct-2-ene-2-carboxylicacid,7-(((2-amino-4-thiazolyl)((carboxymethoxy)imino)acetyl)amino)3-ethenyl-8-oxo-, trihydrate, (6R-(6alpha,7beta(Z)))-, Cefixime [Chemical/Ingredient], CEFIXIME, Trihydrate, Cefixime, Cefixime Trihydrate, Cefixime (product), Cefixime (substance), Cefixime |
| Swedish | Cefixim |
| Czech | cefixim |
| Finnish | Kefiksiimi |
| Russian | TSEFIKSIM, ЦЕФИКСИМ |
| Japanese | セフィキシム |
| Polish | Cefiksym |
| Spanish | cefixima (producto), cefixima (sustancia), cefixima, Cefixima |
| French | Céfixime |
| German | Cefixim |
| Italian | Cefixima |
| Portuguese | Cefixima |
| Sources |
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System) |
cefdinir (C0060405) |
|
|---|---|
| Definition (NCI) | A semi-synthetic cephalosporin and a beta-lactam antibiotic with bactericidal activity. Cefdinir's effect is dependent on its binding to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) located in the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane. Binding results in the inhibition of the transpeptidase enzymes, thereby preventing cross-linking of the pentaglycine bridge with the fourth residue of the pentapeptide and interrupting consequent synthesis of peptidoglycan chains. As a result, cefdinir inhibits bacterial septum and cell wall synthesis formation. |
| Concepts | Antibiotic (T195) , Organic Chemical (T109) |
| MSH | C056814 |
| SnomedCT | 108677001, 370366006 |
| LNC | LP19960-1, MTHU011339 |
| English | 7-(2 (2-aminothiazol-4-yl)-2-hydroxyiminoacetamido)-3-vinyl-3-cephem-4-carboxylic acid, cefdinir, CFDN, cefdinir (medication), CEFDINIR, cefdinir [Chemical/Ingredient], Cefdinir (substance), Cefdinir product (product), Cefdinir product, Cefdinir |
| Spanish | producto con cefdinir (producto), cefdinir (producto), producto con cefdinir, cefdinir (sustancia), cefdinir |
| Sources |
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System) |
Omnicef (C0285868) |
|
|---|---|
| Concepts | Antibiotic (T195) , Organic Chemical (T109) |
| MSH | C056814 |
| English | Omnicef, cefdinir (Omnicef), omnicef, Abbott brand of cefdinir |
| Sources |
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System) |
Claforan (C0701052) |
|
|---|---|
| Concepts | Antibiotic (T195) , Organic Chemical (T109) |
| MSH | D002439 |
| English | Claforan ADD-Vantage, claforan, Claforan, Klaforan, Aventis Brand of Cefotaxime Sodium, Aventis Pharma Brand of Cefotaxime Sodium, Hoechst Brand of Cefotaxime Sodium, Primafen |
| Sources |
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System) |
Vantin (C0724204) |
|
|---|---|
| Concepts | Antibiotic (T195) , Organic Chemical (T109) |
| MSH | C053267 |
| English | Vantin, vantin |
| Sources |
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System) |
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