Infectious Disease Book

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Primaquine

Aka: Primaquine
  1. Indications
    1. Regions with Plasmodium vivax transmission
      1. Postexposure prevention for "relapsing" Malaria
      2. Eradication of Malaria liver involvement
  2. Contraindications
    1. G6PD Deficiency
      1. Results in acute Hemolysis
  3. Directions
    1. May take with or without food
    2. Take with food to reduce gastric irritation
  4. Adverse Effects
    1. Abdominal Pain
    2. Nausea
    3. Vomiting
  5. Safety
    1. Pregnancy Category C
    2. Safe in children of all ages
  6. Dosing: Prophylaxis (adults)
    1. Standard
      1. Dose 52.6 mg daily starting 1-2 days before travel and continuing until 7 days after return
    2. Terminal prophylaxis (Following prolonged exposure to P. vivax or P. ovale)
      1. Dose 52.6 mg daily for 14 days on leaving endemic area
  7. Dosing: Treatment
    1. Adults
      1. Dose: 30 mg base (52.6 mg salt) orally daily for 14 days or
      2. Dose: 45 mg base (78.9 mg salt) orally weekly for 8 weeks
    2. Children
      1. 0.3 mg base (0.5 mg/kg salt) orally daily for 14 days or
      2. 0.9 mg/kg base (1.5 mg/kg salt) orally once weekly for 8 weeks
  8. References
    1. Sanford (2016) Am Fam Physician 94(8): 620-7 [PubMed]

Primaquine (C0033126)

Definition (NCI) A synthetic, 8-aminoquinoline derivative with antimalarial properties. Although its mechanism of action is unclear, primaquine bind to and alter the properties of protozoal DNA. This agent eliminates tissue (exo-erythrocytic) malarial infection, preventing the development of the erythrocytic forms of the parasite which are responsible for relapses in Plasmodium vivax and ovale malaria. Primaquine is active against late hepatic stages (hypnozoites, schizonts). (NCI04)
Definition (MSH) An aminoquinoline that is given by mouth to produce a radical cure and prevent relapse of vivax and ovale malarias following treatment with a blood schizontocide. It has also been used to prevent transmission of falciparum malaria by those returning to areas where there is a potential for re-introduction of malaria. Adverse effects include anemias and GI disturbances. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopeia, 30th ed, p404)
Definition (CSP) aminoquinolone compound used as an antimalarial against the extraerythrocytic forms of Plasmodium vivax and P ovale and the gametocytes of P falciparum.
Concepts Pharmacologic Substance (T121) , Organic Chemical (T109)
MSH D011319
SnomedCT 429663004, 324904009, 387194002, 36391008
English Primaquine, 1,4-Pentanediamine, N4-(6-methoxy-8-quinolinyl)-, Primaquine (substance), Primaquine [Chemical/Ingredient], PRIMAQUINE, primaquine, Primaquine (product)
Swedish Primakin
Czech primachin
Finnish Primakiini
Russian PRIMAKVIN, ПРИМАКВИН
Spanish primaquina (sustancia), primaquina (producto), primaquina, Primaquina
Japanese プリマキン
Polish Primachina, Plazmochina
French Primaquine
German Primaquin
Italian Primachina
Portuguese Primaquina
Sources
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)


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