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Prevention of Secondary Infection in HIV
Aka: Prevention of Secondary Infection in HIV, HIV Prophylaxis of Secondary Infection
- Management: General Strategies to avoid secondary infections
- Always use Condoms
- Avoid oral-to-anal sex
- Sterile technique for Tattoos, piercings, IVDA
- Avoid raw eggs or fish, unpasterized juices or milk
- See Foodborne Illness Prevention
- Avoid higher risk environments for secondary infection
- Work at homeless shelters, day care centers, prisons
- Exposure to animal feces (cat, bat)
-
Immunizations
- See Immunization in HIV
- Management: Antibiotic Prophylaxis
- CD4 Count <200/mm3 or Thrush: Pneumocystis prophylaxis
- Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMZ, Bactrim, Septra) DS or
- Alternatives: Dapsone daily (if G6PD negative) or Atovaquone have also been used
- CD4 Count <100/mm3 or Toxoplasma IgG positive: Toxoplasmosis prophylaxis
- Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMZ, Bactrim, Septra) DS daily
- CD4 Count <50/mm3: Mycobacterium Avium Intracellulare (MAI)
- Azithromycin 1200 mg orally weekly (preferred)
- Alternative: Clarithromycin 500 mg orally twice daily has also been used
- References
- Kaplan (2002) MMWR Recomm Rep 51:1-52 [PubMed]
- Kaplan (2009) MMWR Recomm Rep 58(RR-4): 1-207 [PubMed]