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Opportunistic Infections in HIV
Aka: Opportunistic Infections in HIV, Antibiotic Prophylaxis of Opportunistic Infection in HIV
- Causes: General
- Bacterial Pneumonia that recurs for at least two episodes in 12 months
- Candidiasis of the Bronchopulmonary Tract (Bronchi, trachea, lungs) or Esophageal Candidiasis
- Coccidioidomycosis (disseminated or extrapulmonary)
- Extrapulmonary Cryptococcus
- Chronic intestinal Cryptosporidium (persistent >1 month)
- Cytomegalovirus infection (beyond liver, Spleen and Lymph Nodes) or CMV Retinitis
- Herpes Simplex Virus (chronic HSV ulcer present >1 month, HSV Bronchitis, HSV pneumonitis, or HSV esophagitis)
- Histoplasmosis (diseminated or extrapulmonary)
- Isosporiasis (Chronic intestinal present >1 month)
- Mycobacterium Avium Complex disease
- Mycobacterium kansaii
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis (pulmonary or extrapulmonary)
- Pneumocystis Pneumonia (Pneumocystis jiroveci replaces previously named Pneumocystis carinii or PCP)
- SalmonellaSepsis
- Toxoplasmosis gondii
- Prevention
- Immunizations
- See Immunization in HIV
- Pneumocystis jiroveci
- Start prophylaxis at <200 cells/mm3 (and stop when >200 cells/mm3 for 3 months)
- Prophylaxis with Bactrim DS or SS once daily
- Toxoplasmosis gondii
- Start prophylaxis at <100 cells/mm3 (and stop when >200 cells/mm3 for 3 months)
- Prophylaxis with Bactrim DS once daily
- Mycobacterium Avium Complex
- Start prophylaxis at <50 cells/mm3 (and stop when >100 cells/mm3 for 3 months)
- Prophylaxis with Azithromycin 1200 mg weekly (or 600 mg twice weekly)
- References
- GoldSchmidt (2016) Am Fam Physician 94(9): 708-16 [PubMed]