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Campylobacter jejuni
Aka: Campylobacter jejuni, Campylobacteriosis
- See Also
- Diarrhea
- Infectious Diarrhea
- Epidemiology
- Responsible for 5-14% of worldwide Diarrhea
- Very common in Southeast asia
- Pathophysiology
- Natural Hosts: Wild birds and ducks
- Foodborne Illness
- Gastroenteritis (sporadic cases are common)
- Outbreaks (e.g. unpasteurized milk)
- Diseases caused by Campylobacter jejuni
- Traveler's Diarrhea
- Waterborne Illness
- Risk Factors
- Use of prophylactic antibiotics (Traveler's Diarrhea Prevention)
- Labs
- Stool Culture
- Very difficult to culture
- Requires selective growth medium (Campy Blood Agar)
- Darkfield microscopy
- Phase contrast microscopy
- Symptoms
- Course
- Onset in 3-5 days
- Duration 2-10 days
- Prodrome
- Headache
- Myalgias
- Fever
- Abdominal Pain
- Symptoms vary
- Fever occurs in more than half of patients
- Mild cases: Asymptomatic excretion
- Severe cases: Dysentery (with bloody Diarrhea)
- Diarrhea is self limited in immunocompetent hosts
- Management: Antibiotics
- Antibiotic indications (longer course for Immunocompromised patients)
- Dysentery (Inflammatory Diarrhea)
- Sepsis
- May be indicated in enteritis
- First-line agents
- Azithromycin (Zithromax) 500 mg orally daily for 3 days
- Treat for 14 days if associated with bacteremia (which is rare)
- Alternative agents
- Erythromycin 500 mg orally four times daily for 3 days
- Ciprofloxacin 500 mg orally twice daily for 5 days
- Fluoroquinolone (high resistance rate >50-85%)
- References
- (2016) Sanford Guide to Antimicrobial Therapy, accessed 5/7/2016
- Complications
- Guillain-Barre Syndrome
- Reactive Arthritis