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Sclera
Aka: Sclera, Scleral Icterus, Yellow Sclera, Episclera
- Physiology
- Sclera
- Thick, protective outer coat of the eye underlying the Conjunctiva
- Poorly vascularized
- Normally white (with possible bluish discoloration) and opaque
- Scleral inflammation is very painful, and associated with Vision Loss
- Episclera
- Covers the anterior Sclera and lacks the Scleral bluish discoloration
- Continuous with the Cornea
- Episcleral inflammation is not typically painful, and does not cause vision change
- Findings: Normal
- Normally white and opaque
- Causes: Scleral Inflammation
- Scleritis
- Episcleritis
- Causes: Scleral Discoloration
- Blue Sclera suggests Osteogenesis Imperfecta
- Yellow Sclera Causes
- Carotenemia does not involve the Sclera
- Scleral Icterus
- Hyperbilirubinemia (associated with Jaundice)
- Bilirubin uniformly deposits throughout Sclera
- Quinacrine
- Yellow discoloration near limbus
- Yellow subscleral fat (normal)
- Involves only the area farthest from the limbus
- Reference
- Degowin (1987) Bedside Diagnostic Exam, p. 480