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Nutrition in Diabetes Mellitus
Aka: Nutrition in Diabetes Mellitus, Diabetic Diet
- See Also
- Carbohydrate Count
- Nutrition in Diabetes Mellitus Type I
- Nutrition in Diabetes Mellitus Type II
- Approach: Pearls
- Omit sugar beverages (soda, energy drinks) and juices
- Improves Glucose control immediately
- Use Non-nutritive Sweeteners in drinks or water
- Avoid skipping meals (3) and planned snacks (2)
- Increases Hypoglycemia risk
- Increases baseline hepatic Glucose output
- Appetite becomes dysregulated
- Additional points
- No set ADA diet
- No set caloric restriction
- Modify on an individual basis
- Approach: Protein
- No Nephropathy
- Same intake as general population
- Percent of calories per day: 10-20%
- Nephropathy
- Normal GFR: <0.8 grams/kg/day Protein
- Falling GFR: <0.6g/kg/day Protein
- Approach: Carbohydrates
- Complex carbohydrates are generally preferred
- Simple carbohydrates (fruit juice, sucrose)
- Limit to occasional treats
- Nutritive sweeteners (Fructose)
- No benefit
- Non-nutritive Sweeteners (e.g. Aspartame, Acesulfame-K, Sucralose)
- Safety confirmed
- Approach: Dietary Fiber
- See Dietary Fiber
- Same recommendations as general population
- Approach: Fat
- First Priority: Blood Sugar control
- Second Priority: Weight control
- Third Priority: Dietary changes
- Approach: Alcohol
- Limit to 2 drinks per day
- Risk of Hypoglycemia if Insulin taken and Fasting