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Failure to Thrive
Aka: Failure to Thrive, Failure to Thrive in Children, Pediatric Failure to Thrive, Weight Faltering, FTT
- See Also
- Delayed Growth (Short Stature)
- Failure to Thrive Causes
- Failure to Thrive Diagnosis
- Failure to Thrive Red Flags
- Failure to Thrive Evaluation
- Failure to Thrive Management
- Failure to Thrive in the Elderly
- Definition
- Inadequate weight gain (or Weight Faltering) over time
- Malnutrition due to inadequate Caloric Intake or absorption or excessive caloric expendature
- Epidemiology
- Incidence
- Hospitalized children <2 years: 1-5%
- Families with Medical, Psychosocial problems: 10%
- Causes
- Failure to Thrive Causes
- Signs
- Weight is affected first by Malnutrition
- Length and Head Circumference affected in severe cases
- Cognition and failure to meet Developmental Milestones may occur in very severe cases
- Diagnosis: Failure to Thrive
- See Failure to Thrive Diagnosis
- Relies on accurately recorded weight and height on growth chart over time
- Weight below 5th percentile for gender and Corrected age OR
- Weight for Length <5th percentile OR
- BMI for age <5th percentile OR
- Decreased Growth Velocity with Weight for Length falling by more than 2 major percentile lines
- Evaluation
- See Failure to Thrive Evaluation
- See Growth Assessment
- Management
- See Failure to Thrive Management
- Prognosis
- Nonorganic Failure to Thrive risks poor outcomes
- Risk of cognitive delay and school difficulty
- Lower Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children
- Poorer language development and reading skills
- Social immaturity
- More frequent behavior problems
- References
- Oates (1985) Pediatrics 75:36 [PubMed]
- References
- Cole (2011) Am Fam Physician 83(7): 829-34 [PubMed]
- Gahagen (2006) Pediatr Rev 27(1): e1-11 [PubMed]
- Homan (2016) Am Fam Physician 94(4): 295-9 [PubMed]
- Shah (2002) J Clin Gastroenterol 35(5):371-4 [PubMed]