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Hydrocarbon Ingestion
Aka: Hydrocarbon Ingestion, Motor Oil Ingestion, Gasoline Ingestion, Lighter Fluid Ingestion, Petroleum Product Poisoning
- See Also
- Toxin Ingestion
- Caustic Ingestion
- Definitions
- Hydrocarbon Ingestion
- Examples: Motor oil, gasoline or Lighter Fluid Ingestion
- Precautions
- Aspiration into lungs (with Vomiting) is greatest risk
- Aspiration is more likely with less viscous hydrocarbons
- Suspect aspiration if presents with coughing, respiratory distress, Hypoxia
- Hydrocarbons are directly toxic to pneumocytes (which produce surfactant)
- Results in pneumocyte destruction, non-compliant lungs and ARDS
- Management
- Avoid charcoal (not effective and risk of further aspiration)
- Avoid Corticosteroids (not effective)
- Avoid Nasogastric Tube in most Hydrocarbon Ingestions (NG ineffective)
- Exceptions: Organophosphates, carbon tetrachloride, Benzene, methylene chloride
- Arrange transfer to higher level of care if signs of aspiration
- ECMO may be considered
- Exogenous surfactant has been used
- References
- Swadron and Nordt in Herbert (2017) EM:Rap 17(7): 14