Otolaryngology Book

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Cochlear Implant

Aka: Cochlear Implant, Auditory Prosthesis, Cochlear Prosthesis, Surgical Management of Sensorineural Hearing Loss, Hybrid Cochlear Implant, Bone-Anchored Hearing Aid, Implantable Middle Ear Hearing Device
  1. See Also
    1. Hearing Loss
    2. Sensorineural Hearing Loss
    3. Hearing Aid
  2. Procedures
    1. Cochlear Implant
      1. Surgically placed device that directly stimulates the auditory nerve (bypassing hair cells)
      2. Indicated in Moderate to profound bilateral Sensorineural Hearing Loss
    2. Electroacoustic Stimulation (Hybrid Cochlear Implant)
      1. Indicated in high frequency Sensorineural Hearing Loss with relatively preserved low frequency hearing
      2. Moderate to profound high frequency Sensorineural Hearing Loss
        1. Cochlear Implant at Cochlea's basal turn (high frequency region)
      3. Mild low frequency Hearing Loss
        1. Hearing Aid amplifies low frequencies
    3. Bone-Anchored Hearing Aid
      1. Indicated in unilateral profound Sensorineural Hearing Loss with preserved hearing in other ear
      2. External device attaches to bone anchored device and transmits vibration to skull
      3. Cochlea is stimulated in better ear via bone conduction
    4. Implantable Middle Ear Hearing Device
      1. Microphone in ear conducts sound to implanted middle ear transducer
      2. Indicated in stable Sensorineural Hearing Loss with preserved word recognition, and cannot use Hearing Aid
  3. Indications: Cochlear Implant
    1. Moderate to profound bilateral Sensorineural Hearing Loss
    2. Medicare criteria
      1. Moderate to profound bilateral Sensorineural Hearing Loss AND
      2. Minimal benefit with Hearing Aids
      3. No middle ear disease
      4. No significant cognitive deficit (e.g. Dementia) that interferes with Hearing Aid use
  4. Efficacy
    1. Improved speech perception, social function and quality of life
  5. References
    1. Tisch (2017) GMS Curr Top Otorrhinolaryngol Head Neck Surg 16:1-22
      1. https://www.egms.de/static/pdf/journals/cto/2017-16/cto000145.pdf
    2. Michels (2019) Am Fam Physician 100(2): 98-108 [PubMed]

Cochlear Implants (C0009199)

Definition (CHV) a surgically implanted electronic device that helps people hear
Definition (CHV) a surgically implanted electronic device that helps people hear
Definition (UMD) Auditory electrical stimulators designed to apply electrical stimuli containing sound information to the cochlea. These stimulators consist of an electrode array that is surgically implanted in one cochlea; a receiver that is implanted in the skull near the ear and connected to the electrode array; and a speech processor, including a microphone and a transmitter, that is worn externally. The microphone picks up sound from the environment and transduces it into electrical signals, and then a speech processor reconfigures the signal and delivers it to the transmitter and to the implanted receiver which in turn stimulates the cochlea through the electrode array. Cochlear auditory stimulators are used for the partial restoration of auditory sensation to profoundly deaf patients (typically more than 90 dB hearing loss).
Definition (MSH) Electronic hearing devices typically used for patients with normal outer and middle ear function, but defective inner ear function. In the COCHLEA, the hair cells (HAIR CELLS, VESTIBULAR) may be absent or damaged but there are residual nerve fibers. The device electrically stimulates the COCHLEAR NERVE to create sound sensation.
Definition (CSP) electronic hearing devices typically used for patients with normal outer and middle ear function, but defective inner ear function; in the cochlea, the hair cells may be absent or damaged but there are residual nerve fibers, the device electrically stimulates the cochlear nerve to create sound sensation.
Concepts Medical Device (T074)
MSH D003054
SnomedCT 43252007
English Auditory Prostheses, Auditory Prosthesis, Cochlear Implant, Cochlear Prostheses, Cochlear Prosthesis, Implant, Cochlear, Implants, Cochlear, Prostheses, Auditory, Prosthesis, Auditory, Prosthesis, Cochlear, Cochlear Implants, IMPLANT, COCHLEAR, Prostheses, Cochlear, Cochlear Stimulators, Stimulators, Cochlear, Electrodes, Cochlear Implant, Stimulators, Electrical, Auditory, Cochlear, Cochlear prosthesis, device, auditory prosthesis, cochlear prosthesis, cochlear implant, cochlear implants, hearing prosthesis, Cochlear implants, Artificial cochlea implant, Cochlear prosthesis, Cochlear implant, Cochlear prosthesis, device (physical object)
Swedish Kokleaimplantat
Czech kochlea - implantáty, kochleární implantáty
Finnish Sisäkorvaistutteet
Russian IMPLANTAT KOKHLEARNYI, KOKHLEARNYE IMPLANTATY, KOKHLEARNYE PROTEZY, ИМПЛАНТАТ КОХЛЕАРНЫЙ, КОХЛЕАРНЫЕ ИМПЛАНТАТЫ, КОХЛЕАРНЫЕ ПРОТЕЗЫ
French Implants cochléaires, Prothèses auditives, Prothèses cochléaires
Italian Protesi acustiche, Impianti cocleari
Croatian UMJETNE PUŽNICE
Polish Wszczep ślimakowy, Proteza ślimaka, Implant ślimakowy
Japanese 人工内耳, 移植蝸牛刺激装置, 内耳-人工
Norwegian Sneglehusimplantater, Cochleaimplantater, Bionisk øre, Cochleaimplantat
Spanish implante de cóclea artificial, prótesis coclear (objeto físico), prótesis coclear, Implantes Cocleares, Prótesis Auditiva, Prótesis Coclear
German Kochlearimplantate, Kochlearprothese, Hörprothese, Implantate, kochleäre
Dutch Cochleair implantaat, Implantaat, cochleair, Implantaten, cochleaire, Prothese, auditieve, Prothese, cochleaire
Portuguese Implantes Cocleares, Prótese Auditiva, Prótese Coclear
Sources
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)


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