//fpnotebook.com/
Permethrin
Aka: Permethrin, Elimite, Nix, Pyrethroid
- See Also
- Pesticide
- Mechanism
- Pyrethroid (Synthetic based on Pyrethrins)
- Neurotoxin
- Acts at the Neuron cell membrane of arthropods (e.g. fleas, lice, mites, ticks)
- Binds Sodium channels and prolongs their activation
- Indications
- Pediculosis (Lice)
- Scabies
- Prevention of Vector-borne Infection
- Advantages
- Residual activity for over 2 weeks
- Precautions
- Avoid in under age 2 months old
- Safe: Poorly absorbed
- Rapidly metabolized to inactive
- Pregnancy and Lactation
- Pregnancy Category B
- Lactation safety is unknown
- Consider switching to formula while using Permethrin
- Preparations
- Permethrin 1% (Nix rinse supplied as 60 ml)
- Over the counter
- Permethrin 5% (Elimite supplied as 60 g cream)
- FDA indication only for Scabies
- Dosing
- Scabies treatment (Permethrin 5%)
- Apply Permethrin 5% cream from head to soles of feet
- Adults and children over age 5 years apply from neck down
- Consider forhead application in the elderly
- Avoid Mouth, nose and eyes
- Wash after 8-14 hours
- Repeat application in 1-2 weeks
- Lice treatment (Permethrin 1%)
- Apply to clean dry hair
- Saturate hair and scalp
- Wash after 10 minutes
- Consider overnight treatment
- Leave on overnight for 8-14 hours under shower cap
- Rinse hair in morning
- Repeat in one week
- Supply
- Adult: 60 grams per adult per treatment (120 g total)
- Child: 30 grams per child per treatment (60 g total)
- Efficacy
- Resistance increasing to 1% Permethrin
- Lice Treatment may require 5% Permethrin
- Adverse Effects
- See Pyrethrin
- Mild transient burning, Paresthesias or Pruritus at the application site
- Local erythema may occur
- References
- Marco (2013) Crit Dec in Emerg Med 27(1): 2-7
- Mumcuoglo (1995) Med Vet Entomol, 9:427 [PubMed]
- Rupes (1995) Cent Eur J Public Health, 3:30 [PubMed]