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Vascular Ring
Aka: Vascular Ring, Vascular Sling, Pulmonary Sling
- See also
- Congenital Heart Disease
- Congenital Heart Disease Causes
- Epidemiology
- Symptoms develop in first few months of life
- Pathophysiology
- Large vessels apply local pressure
- Compress trachea and Bronchial tree
- Compress esophagus
- Causes
- Double aortic arch
- Aberrant innominate artery
- Right aortic arch
- Pulmonary Sling
- Signs
- Low pitched inspiratory and expiratory gargling sounds
- Inspiratory Stridor
- Expiratory Wheezes
- Obstructive Sleep Apnea
- Feeding difficulties may occur
- Sounds present since birth
- Established over first month of life
- Parent may not be aware of sounds
- Provocative maneuvers that increase Dyspnea
- Neck flexion
- Upper Respiratory Infections
- Palliative maneuvers that decrease Dyspnea
- Neck extension
- Radiology
- Chest XRay
- Note aortic arch location (right or left)
- Note tracheal caliber
- Barium swallow
- Note Esophageal indentation
- Diagnostics
- Bronchoscopy
- Angiography
- Course
- Respiratory symptoms worsen with increased age, size
- Management
- Requires surgery
- Complications
- Obstructive Sleep Apnea
- Tracheomalacia