Cardiovascular Medicine Book

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HDL Cholesterol

Aka: HDL Cholesterol, High Density Lipoprotein
  1. See Also
    1. Hyperlipidemia
  2. Interpretation
    1. Positive Cardiac Risk Factor (Atherogenic)
      1. HDL < 35
      2. Total Cholesterol to HDL ratio
        1. Men > 5.0
        2. Women > 4.5
    2. Negative Cardiac Risk Factor (Protective)
      1. HDL > 60
  3. Increased
    1. Medications
      1. Gemfibrozil
      2. Niacin
      3. Exogenous Estrogens
    2. Moderate Alcohol intake (1 ounce per day)
    3. Regular aerobic Exercise
      1. Graded increase with miles run per week
      2. Kokkinos (1995) Arch Intern Med 155(4):415-20 [PubMed]
    4. Weight loss (for obese patients)
      1. HDL increases 2 mg/dl for each 4.5 kg of weight loss
  4. Decreased
    1. Tobacco abuse
    2. Diabetes Mellitus
    3. Hypertriglyceridemia
    4. Menopause
    5. Obesity
    6. Puberty in males
    7. Uremia
    8. Anabolic Steroids
    9. Apolipoprotein deficiency
    10. Liver disease
    11. Tangier disease
    12. Medications
      1. Progestins
      2. Probucol
  5. References
    1. Ginsberg (2000) Am J Cardiol 86(suppl):41L-45L [PubMed]

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