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Pulse Pressure
Aka: Pulse Pressure, Narrow Pulse Pressure
- Definitions
- Pulse Pressure
- Difference between systolic pressure and diastolic pressure
- Represents the force of cardiac contraction
- Exam: Normal Pulse Pressure
- Range: 30-40 mmHg
- Causes: Wide (high) Pulse Pressure (>40 mmHg)
- Pathophysiology in Isolated Systolic Hypertension
- Suggests reduced large artery vascular compliance
- Best Blood Pressure marker for cardiovascular risk
- Causes
- Isolated Systolic Hypertension
- Aortic Regurgitation
- Thyrotoxicosis
- Patent Ductus Arteriosus
- Arteriovenous Fistula
- Beriberi heart
- Aortic Coarctation
- Anemia
- Emotional state
- Causes: Narrow Pulse Pressure (<30 mmHg)
- Pathophysiology in Hypovolemic Shock
- Sympathetic response to decreased circulating Blood Volume
- Diastolic Blood Pressure increase without systolic Blood Pressure increase
- Causes
- Hypovolemic Shock or Hemorrhagic Shock
- May predict circulatory collapse in Trauma with Hemorrhage
- Prehospital Narrow Pulse Pressure predicts severe Trauma and need for aggressive Resuscitation
- Interpret in combination with Trauma Evaluation and other markers (Hypotension, Shock Index)
- Schellenberg (2021) J Surg Res 268:284-90 [PubMed]
- Tachycardia
- Severe Aortic Stenosis
- Constrictive Pericarditis
- Pericardial Effusion
- Ascites