II. Cause
- Burkholderia mallei (Malleomyces mallei)
- Formerly categorized as Pseudomonas
III. Pathophysiology
- Gram Negative bacillus
- Previously only domesticated animal infection
- Horses, Mules, and Donkeys
- Historically contracted by animal handlers (rare)
- No naturally acquired human cases in last 60 years
- Aerosolized risk as a biological warfare agent
- Infection rate in those exposed to aerosol: 46%
- Incubation: 10-14 days after inhalation
IV. Symptoms (Septicemic form)
- Fever
- Rigors
- Night Sweats
- Myalgia
- Headache
- Pleuritic Chest Pain
- Photophobia
- Lacrimation
- Diarrhea
V. Signs
- Acute (Septicemic form)
- Fever
- Cervical adenopathy
- Splenomegaly
- Rash
- Generalized papular or pustular eruptions
- Chronic form
- Rash
- Cutaneous and intramuscular abscess
- Nasal discharge and ulceration (50%)
- Rash
VI. Labs
- Exudate Methylene blue stain
- Scant small bacilli
- Sputum Culture on meat nutrient mediums
-
Complete Blood Count
- Mild Leukocytosis with Left Shift
VII. Radiology: Chest XRay
-
Miliary Nodules (0.5 - 1.0 cm)
- Small, multiple Lung Abscesses
- Bronchopneumonia
- Lobar Pneumonia
- Necrotizing nodular lesions
VIII. Course
- Uniformly fatal if untreated
IX. Complications
X. Prevention
- No Vaccine
- Post-exposure Prophylaxis with Septra
- Environmental Decontamination with 0.5% Hypochlorite
XI. References
- (1998) Medical Management of Biological Casualties
- U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of ID
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| Definition (CHV) | a contagious disease of horses that can be transmitted to humans |
| Definition (CHV) | a contagious disease of horses that can be transmitted to humans |
| Definition (CHV) | a contagious disease of horses that can be transmitted to humans |
| Definition (MSH) | A contagious disease of horses that can be transmitted to humans. It is caused by BURKHOLDERIA MALLEI and characterized by ulceration of the respiratory mucosa and an eruption of nodules on the skin. |
| Concepts | Disease or Syndrome (T047) |
| MSH | D005896 |
| ICD9 | 024 |
| ICD10 | A24.0 |
| SnomedCT | 4639008, 35322000 |
| Swedish | Rots |
| Czech | vozhřivka, Vozhřivka |
| Finnish | Pseudomonas mallein aiheuttama räkätauti |
| Russian | SAP, САП |
| English | farcy, farcy (diagnosis), glanders, glanders (diagnosis), glanders due to infection by actinobacillus mallei, glanders due to infection by malleomyces mallei, glanders due to Burkholderia mallei (diagnosis), glanders due to Pseudomonas mallei (diagnosis), glanders due to Burkholderia mallei, glanders due to Malleomyces mallei, glanders due to Malleomyces mallei (diagnosis), glanders due to Actinobacillus mallei (diagnosis), glanders due to infection by Pseudomonas mallei, glanders due to Pseudomonas mallei, glanders due to infection by mallei, glanders due to infection by mallei (diagnosis), glanders due to Actinobacillus mallei, glanders due to infection by Burkholderia mallei, Malleus, Glanders [Disease/Finding], Farcy, Equine glanders, Farcy buds, Farcy cords, Farcy pipes, Infection due to Actinobacillus mallei, Infection due to Malleomyces mallei, Infection due to Pseudomonas mallei, Maliasmus, Malleus (glanders), Equina, Glanders (disorder), Glanders, malleus, Infection due to actinobacillus mallei, Infection due to malleomyces mallei |
| Korean | 마비저 |
| Italian | Farcino, Morva |
| Dutch | kwade droes, Droes, kwade, Kwade droes |
| Japanese | ﾊﾞﾋﾞｿ, 馬鼻疽 |
| Polish | Nosacizna |
| Hungarian | Takonykór |
| Norwegian | Snive |
| Spanish | brotes de muermo, infección por Actinobacillus mallei, infección por Malleomyces mallei, infección por Pseudomonas mallei, muermo (trastorno), muermo, Muermo |
| Portuguese | Maleína, Mormo |
| French | Morve |
| German | Rotz, Malleus |
