Adrenal Anatomy

Aka: Adrenal Anatomy, Adrenal Gland, Suprarenal Gland, Glandula Suprarenalis

II. Anatomy

  1. Adrenal Gland is a flat, triangular organ that sits atop each Kidney
  2. Adrenal Gland is without ducts
  3. Cortex (sympathetic agent synthesis)
    1. Epinephrine
    2. Norepinephrine
  4. Medulla (steroid hormone synthesis from Cholesterol)
    1. Mineralcorticoids (esp. Aldosterone)
      1. Increases Sodium retention and Potassium excretion
      2. Increases water reabsorption from Kidney
    2. Glucocorticoids (esp. Cortisol)
      1. Increases metabolism, with increasing circulating Glucose
      2. Increases vascular tone and capillary permeability
  5. Images
    1. giAdrenalGrayBB1183.gifLewis (1918) Gray's Anatomy 20th ed (in public domain at Yahoo or BartleBy)
    2. giAdrenalGrayBB1184.gifLewis (1918) Gray's Anatomy 20th ed (in public domain at Yahoo or BartleBy)

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Ontology: Adrenal Glands (C0001625)

Definition (NCI) A flattened, roughly triangular body resting upon the upper end of each kidney; it is one of the ductless glands furnishing internal secretions (epinephrine and norepinephrine from the medulla and steroid hormones from the cortex).
Definition (NCI_NCI-GLOSS) A small gland that makes steroid hormones, adrenaline, and noradrenaline. These hormones help control heart rate, blood pressure, and other important body functions. There are two adrenal glands, one on top of each kidney.
Definition (NCI_CDISC) Suprarenal gland. A flattened, roughly triangular body resting upon the upper end of each kidney; it is one of the ductless glands furnishing internal secretions (epinephrine and norepinephrine from the medulla and steroid hormones from the cortex). (NCI)
Definition (MSH) A pair of glands located at the cranial pole of each of the two KIDNEYS. Each adrenal gland is composed of two distinct endocrine tissues with separate embryonic origins, the ADRENAL CORTEX producing STEROIDS and the ADRENAL MEDULLA producing NEUROTRANSMITTERS.
Definition (CSP) paired glands situated in the retroperitoneal tissues at the superior pole of each kidney.
Concepts Body Part, Organ, or Organ Component (T023)
MSH D000311
SnomedCT 23451007
HL7 ADR
LNC LP33443-0, MTHU016717
English Adrenal Glands, Gland, Adrenal, Glands, Adrenal, Glandula suprarenalis, Set of adrenal glands, Suprarenal gland, adrenals glands, adrenal gland, adrenal glands, both adrenal glands, bilateral adrenal gland, Adrenal glands, suprarenal gland, ADRENAL GLAND, Adrenal gland, Adrenal structure, Adrenal structure (body structure), Adrenal gland, NOS, Adrenal Gland, Adrenals, Adrenal
Swedish Binjurar
Czech nadledviny, glandula suprarenalis, nadledvinky
Finnish Lisämunuaiset
Russian NADPOCHECHNIKI, НАДПОЧЕЧНИКИ
Spanish estructura suprarrenal (estructura corporal), estructura de la glándula suprarrenal (estructura corporal), estructura de la glándula suprarrenal, estructura suprarrenal, Glándulas Adrenales, Glándula Adrenal, Glándula Suprarrenal, glándula adrenal, glándula suprarrenal, Glándulas Suprarrenales
Croatian NADBUBREŽNE ŽLIJEZDE
Latvian Virsnieres, Virsnieru dziedzeri
Polish Gruczoły nadnerczowe, Nadnercza, Nadnercze
Norwegian Binyrer, Glandulae suprarenales
Portuguese Glândulas Suprarrenais, Glândula Suprarrenal, Glândula Adrenal, Glândula Ad-Renal, Glândulas Ad-Renais, Glândulas Adrenais
French Glandes surrénales, Surrénales, Surrénale, Glande surrénale
German Glandula suprarenalis, Nebennieren, Glandulae suprarenales
Italian Ghiandole surrenali
Dutch Bijnier, Bijnieren, Glandula suprarenalis
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)

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