Proteinuria Causes

Aka: Proteinuria Causes

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II. Causes: Glomerular (Increased glomerulus permeability)

  1. Primary Glomerulonephropathy
    1. Minimal Change Disease
    2. IgA Nephropathy
    3. Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy
    4. Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis
    5. Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis
  2. Secondary Glomerulonephropathy
    1. Preeclampsia (Pregnancy Induced Hypertension)
    2. Renal Transplant Rejection
    3. Metabolic
      1. Diabetes Mellitus (Diabetic Nephropathy)
      2. Amyloidosis
    4. Collagen Vascular Disease
      1. Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (Lupus Nephritis)
      2. IgA Vasculitis
    5. Infection
      1. HIV Infection
      2. Hepatitis B
      3. Hepatitis C
      4. Poststreptococcal Glomerulonephritis
      5. Syphilis
      6. Malaria
      7. Endocarditis
    6. Acute Hypersensitivity
      1. Stinging Insect
      2. Envenomation
      3. Antitoxins
    7. Malignancy
      1. Lung Cancer
      2. Gastrointestinal Cancer
      3. Lymphoma
      4. Multiple Myeloma
    8. Genetic Syndromes
      1. Alport Syndrome
      2. Fabry Disease
      3. Sickle Cell Disease
  3. Drug-induced Glomerulonephropathy
    1. Heroin
    2. NSAIDs
    3. Gold
    4. Penicillamine
    5. Lithium
    6. Heavy Metals

III. Causes: Tubular (Decreased tubular reabsorption, <2 g/day)

  1. Acute Tubular Necrosis
  2. Hypertensive nephrosclerosis
  3. Uric Acid nephropathy
  4. Acute Hypersensitivity
  5. Interstitial Nephritis
  6. Fanconi Syndrome
  7. Renal Transplant Rejection
  8. Heavy Metal Poisoning
    1. Mercury Poisoning
    2. Lead Poisoning
  9. Sickle Cell Anemia
  10. Medications
    1. NSAIDs
    2. Lithium
    3. Antibiotics

IV. Causes: Overflow (Increased low MW Protein production)

  1. Hemoglobinuria
  2. Myoglobinuria
  3. Multiple Myeloma
  4. Amyloidosis

V. References

  1. Hitzeman (2022) Am Fam Physician 106(1): 27-35 [PubMed]
  2. Simerville (2005) Am Fam Physician 71(6): 1153-62 [PubMed]

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