Mental Health Book

Hallucinogen Use Disorders

Opioid

Marijuna

Amphetamine Use Disorders

Background Information

Alcohol Use Disorders

GHB

Inhalants

Marijuana

Compulsive Behavior

Sedative Abuse

Tobacco Use Disorders

Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Chapter related topics

Neurology Chapter related topics

Obstetrics Chapter related topics

Pediatrics Chapter related topics

Examination Chapter related topics

Pharmacology Chapter related topics

Dermatology Chapter related topics

Sports Medicine Chapter related topics

Ophthalmology Chapter related topics

http://www.fpnotebook.com/

GHB Withdrawal

Aka: GHB Withdrawal, Gamma Hydroxybutyrate Withdrawal
Advertisement
  1. See Also
    1. Gamma Hydroxybutyrate
    2. Chemical Dependency
    3. Drug Withdrawal
  2. Pathophysiology
    1. GHB Dependence is rare due to rapid elimination
    2. GHB Dependence may occur with excessive use
      1. Frequent dosing (q1-3 hours around the clock)
      2. Chronic use
  3. Symptoms: Withdrawal
    1. Early symptoms
      1. Insomnia
      2. Tremor
      3. Anxiety
      4. Confusion
      5. Nausea and Vomiting
    2. Later symptoms
      1. Agitation
      2. Vivid Hallucinations
      3. Combative behavior
      4. Disorientation
    3. Associated Symptoms: Autonomic Instability
      1. Tachycardia
      2. Hypertension
      3. Tremor
      4. Diaphoresis
  4. Differential Diagnosis
    1. Other Sedative-Hypnotic Use
    2. Alcohol Withdrawal
    3. Sympathomimetic intoxication
    4. Serotonin Syndrome
    5. Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome
    6. Thiamine deficiency
    7. Thyrotoxicosis
    8. Pheochromocytoma
    9. Steroid Psychosis
  5. Labs
    1. See Gamma Hydroxybutyrate
  6. Management
    1. Agitation may require restraints
      1. Four point Physical Restraints
      2. See also Chemical Restraints
    2. Symptomatic management
    3. Sedation
      1. Benzodiazepine
      2. Barbiturate
  7. References
    1. Dyer (2001) Ann Emerg Med 37(2):147-52

Navigation Tree