Orthopedics Book

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Acute Osteomyelitis

Aka: Acute Osteomyelitis, Osteomyelitis in Children
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  1. See Also
    1. Osteomyelitis
    2. Chronic Osteomyelitis
  2. Pathophysiology
    1. Inflammatory bone changes associated with pathogenic bacteria
    2. Typically acute hematogenous spread to traumatized bone
      1. Most common in children under age 5 (50% of cases)
      2. Most commonly affects the highly vascular metaphyses of long bone
  3. Symptoms
    1. Presentation within two weeks of symptom onset
    2. Fever
    3. Irritability or lethargy
  4. Signs
    1. Systemic signs of infection
    2. Local signs of infection
      1. Tenderness on palpation over involved bone
      2. Localized inflammation with erythema and swelling
      3. Decreased range of motion of adjacent joints
  5. Labs
    1. See Osteomyelitis
  6. Imaging
    1. See Osteomyelitis
  7. Diagnosis
    1. See Osteomyelitis
  8. Management
    1. See Osteomyelitis Management
  9. References
    1. Hatzenbuehler (2011) Am Fam Physician 84(9): 1027-33
    2. Boutin (1998) Orthop Clin North Am 29:41-66
    3. Carek (2001) Am Fam Physician 63(12):2413-20
    4. Dirschl (1993) Drugs 45:29-43
    5. Eckman (1995) JAMA 273:712-20
    6. Haas (1996) Am J Med 101:550-61
    7. Lew (1997) N Engl J Med 336:999-1007
    8. Lipsky (1997) Clin Infect Dis 25:1318-26

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