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Ischemic StrokeAka: Cerebrovascular Accident, Cerebrovascular Disease, Cerebral Infarction, Ischemic CVA, CVA

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  1. Risk Factors
    1. See Cerebrovascular Accident Risk Factors
  2. Causes
    1. See CVA Causes
  3. Epidemiology
    1. Stroke Incidence (from most to least common)
      1. Ischemic Stroke: 88%
        1. Thrombotic Stroke (most common)
        2. Embolic Stroke
        3. Lacunar Stroke (least common of ischemic strokes)
      2. Intracerebral Hemorrhagic stroke: 9%
      3. Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: 3%
  4. Differential Diagnosis
    1. Hemorrhagic Stroke
    2. Head Trauma
    3. Meningitis
    4. Encephalitis
    5. Hypertensive Encephalopathy
    6. Intracranial Mass
      1. Intracranial tumor
      2. Subdural Hematoma
      3. Epidural hematoma
    7. Migraine with persistent neurologic deficits
    8. Seizure with persistent deficit (Todd's Paralysis)
    9. Metabolic abnormality
      1. Nonketotic hyperosmolar coma (hyperglycemia)
      2. Hypoglycemia
      3. Postcardiac Arrest Ischemia
      4. Toxin Ingestion
      5. Myxedema
      6. Uremia
    10. Psychiatric symptoms
    11. Shock state
  5. Signs
    1. Anterior Circulation CVA
      1. See Anterior Cerebral Artery CVA
      2. See Middle Cerebral Artery CVA
    2. Posterior Circulation CVA
      1. See Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery CVA
      2. See Vertebro-Basilar CVA
      3. See Posterior Cerebral Artery CVA
  6. Evaluation
    1. See CVA Evaluation
  7. Imaging
    1. MRI Head appears to be better imaging for initial CVA Evaluation
      1. Higher sensitivity for ischemic CVA
      2. Similar efficacy to CT Head for identifying hemorrhagic CVA
      3. Chalela (2007) Lancet 369:293
  8. Management
    1. See CVA Management
  9. Prevention after Ischemic Stroke or TIA
    1. See Prevention of Ischemic Stroke
    2. Evaluate for Carotid Stenosis
      1. See Transient Ischemic Attack
  10. References
    1. (2000) Circulation 102(suppl I):I
    2. Bath (2000) West J Med 173:209

Cerebrovascular Disorders (C0007820)

Definition (MSH)A spectrum of pathological conditions of impaired blood flow in the brain. They can involve vessels (ARTERIES; or VEINS) in the CEREBRUM, the CEREBELLUM, and the BRAIN STEM. Major categories include INTRACRANIAL ARTERIOVENOUS MALFORMATIONS; BRAIN ISCHEMIA; CEREBRAL HEMORRHAGE; and others.
Definition (CSP)broad category of disorders of blood flow in the arteries and veins which supply the brain; includes cerebral infarction, brain ischemia, brain hypoxia, intracranial embolism and thrombosis, intracranial arteriovenous malformations, etc; not limited to conditions that affect the cerebrum, but refers to vascular disorders of the entire brain.
ConceptsPathologic Function (T046)
ICD9430-438.99, 437.9, 437.9
MSHD002561
EnglishBRAIN VASCULAR DIS, Brain Vascular Disorder, Brain Vascular Disorders, cerebral vascular disorder, CEREBROVASCULAR DIS, CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASE, Cerebrovascular Disorder, Cerebrovascular Disorders, Cerebrovascular lesion, CVD - Cerebrovascular disease, DISORDER CEREBROVASCULAR, INTRACRANIAL VASCULAR DIS, Intracranial Vascular Disease, Intracranial Vascular Diseases, Intracranial Vascular Disorder, Intracranial Vascular Disorders, Unspecified cerebrovascular disease, VASCULAR DIS INTRACRANIAL
Spanishenfermedad cerebrovascular, lesion cerebrovascular
Parent ConceptsCNS disorder (C0007682), Circulatory system disease NOS (C0728936), Brain Diseases (C0006111), Vascular Diseases (C0042373), Vascular Disorders, General and NEC (C0549519), Arterial vessel disorders (C0549603), VASCULAR: INTRACRANIAL (C0549642), Other ill-defined cerebrovascular disease (C0155729), Non-Neoplastic Central Nervous System Disorder (C1335000), Non-Neoplastic Vascular Disorder (C1335053), Cerebrovascular Disorders (C0007820), Duplicate concept (C1274013)
SourcesAOD, CCS, COSTAR, CSP, CST, ICD9CM, LCH, MEDLINEPLUS, MSH, MTH, MTHICD9, NCI, NDFRT, SCTSPA, SNOMEDCT
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)


Cerebrovascular accident (C0038454)

Definition (CSP)sudden neurologic impairment due to a cerebrovascular disorder, either an arterial occlusion or an intracranial hemorrhage.
Definition (MSH)A group of pathological conditions characterized by sudden, non-convulsive loss of neurological function due to BRAIN ISCHEMIA or INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES. Stroke is classified by the type of tissue NECROSIS, such as the anatomic location, vasculature involved, etiology, age of the affected individual, and hemorrhagic vs. non-hemorrhagic nature. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp777-810)
Definition (NCI)A sudden, nonconvulsive loss of neurologic function due to an ischemic or hemorrhagic intracranial vascular event. In general, cerebrovascular accidents are classified by anatomic location in the brain, vascular distribution, etiology, age of the affected individual, and hemorrhagic vs. nonhemorrhagic nature. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp777-810)
ConceptsDisease or Syndrome (T047)
MSHD020521
BasqueATAKEA/EZBEHAR BASKULAR BURMUINETAKOA
DanishApopleksi/cerebrovaskulaer katastr
EnglishAccident - cerebrovascular, ACCIDENT CEREBROVASCULAR, Apoplexy, Brain Attack, Brain Vascular Accident, Brain Vascular Accidents, Cerebral apoplexy, CEREBRAL INFARCTION, Cerebral Stroke, Cerebral Strokes, cerebral vascular accident, CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT, Cerebrovascular Accidents, Cerebrovascular Apoplexy, Cerebrovascular Stroke, Cerebrovascular Strokes, CVA, CVA - Cerebrovascular accident, CVA - Cerebrovascular accident unspecified, CVA unspecified, Stroke, Stroke and cerebrovascular accident unspecified, Stroke Syndrome, Stroke unspecified, Stroke/cerebrovasc accident, Stroke/cerebrovascular accident, Stroke/CVA - undefined, Strokes
FinnishAIVOHALVAUS/ AIVOVERENKIERRON HAIRIO
FrenchAccident vasculaire cerebral
Hebrewerua moxi
Hungarianagyergorcs/agyverzes
ItalianColpo/accidente cerebrovascolare
NorwegianHJERNESLAG/CEREBROVASK KATASTROFE
PortugueseAcidente/doenca cerebrovascular
SpanishAcc cerebrovascular/apoplejia, accidente cerebrovascular, ACV, apoplejia, apoplejia cerebral, stroke
SwedishHJARNSLAG/CEREBROVASKULAR SKADA
Parent ConceptsCerebrovascular Disorders (C0007820), Brain Diseases (C0006111), Arterial thrombosis (C0151942), Vascular Disorders, General and NEC (C0549519), Arterial vessel disorders (C0549603), CNS GENERAL (C0549638), VASCULAR: INTRACRANIAL (C0549642), circulatory system (C0497231), Diagnosis/Diseases Component (C0497531), Cerebrovascular accident (C0038454), Ambiguous concept (C1274012)
SourcesAOD, COSTAR, CSP, CST, DXP, ICPC, ICPCBAQ, ICPCDAN, ICPCDUT, ICPCFIN, ICPCFRE, ICPCGER, ICPCHEB, ICPCHUN, ICPCITA, ICPCNOR, ICPCPOR, ICPCSPA, ICPCSWE, LNC, MEDLINEPLUS, MSH, MTH, NCI, NDFRT, OMIM, SCTSPA, SNOMEDCT
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)



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