Neonatology Book

http://www.fpnotebook.com/

Meconium Aspiration Syndrome

Aka: Meconium Aspiration Syndrome, Meconium Aspiration
Advertisement
  1. Epidemiology
    1. Prevalence
      1. Occurs in up to 15% of cases in which amniotic fluid is meconium-stained
      2. Occurs in as many as 1-2% of all deliveries
  2. Pathophysiology
    1. Meconium contains gastrointestinal fluids which cause localized inflammation
    2. Meconium Aspiration results in severe airway inflammation and Pneumonia risk
    3. Meconium Aspiration occurs in utero, not at delivery
  3. Signs
    1. Hypoxia
  4. Differential Diagnosis
    1. See Newborn Respiratory Distress
  5. Imaging: Chest XRay
    1. Patchy Atelectasis
    2. Lung consolidation changes
  6. Management: Meconium stained infant
    1. See Respiratory Distress in the Newborn
    2. See Newborn Resuscitation
    3. Infant brought to warmer with head angled down and with minimal stimulation
    4. Evaluate infant for vigorous activity
      1. Vigorous infants without distress may be managed routinely
      2. Infants with Heart Rate <100 beats/min, apnea, or poor tone require intervention
        1. Intubation
        2. Suctioning
  7. Prevention
    1. Suctioning head at the perineum no longer recommended
      1. See pathophysiology above regarding in utero aspiration
      2. Vain (2004) Lancet 364:597-602
    2. Amnioinfusion does not decrease Meconium Aspiration risk
      1. Fraser (2005) N Engl J Med 353:909-17

Meconium Aspiration Syndrome (C0025048)

Definition (NCI) A serious condition in which a newborn breathes a mixture of meconium (the first intestinal discharge) and amniotic fluid into the lungs around the time of delivery. Meconium aspiration syndrome occurs in 5-10 percent of births and typically occurs when the infant is stressed, as when the infant is past its due date.
Definition (MSH) A condition caused by inhalation of MECONIUM into the LUNG of FETUS or NEWBORN, usually due to vigorous respiratory movements during difficult PARTURITION or respiratory system abnormalities. Meconium aspirate may block small airways leading to difficulties in PULMONARY GAS EXCHANGE and ASPIRATION PNEUMONIA.
Concepts Pathologic Function (T046)
MSH D008471
ICD10 P24.0, P24.00, P24.01
SnomedCT 157110000, 14608006, 85779008, 278927005, 206292002
English Aspiration, meconium, Neonatal aspiration meconium, Meconium aspiration syndrome of newborn, MAS - Meconium aspir syndrome, Meconium aspiration syndrome (finding), Aspiration of meconium (disorder), aspiration of meconium, meconium aspiration, aspiration of meconium (diagnosis), meconium aspiration syndrome (diagnosis), meconium aspiration syndrome, Meconium Inhalation, Meconium aspiration, MECONIUM ASPIRATION, MAS, Meconium Aspiration Syndrome, Meconium aspiration NOS, Meconium aspiration syndrome NOS, Meconium Aspiration Syndrome [Disease/Finding], aspiration meconium, of meconium aspiration, meconium aspirations, aspiration meconium syndrome, Neonatal Aspiration of Meconium, Aspiration of meconium, Meconium aspiration syndrome, Neonatal aspiration of meconium, MAS - Meconium aspiration syndrome, Meconium aspiration syndrome (disorder), Neonatal aspiration of meconium (disorder), aspiration; meconium, aspiration; newborn, meconium, aspiration; syndrome of newborn, meconium, inhalation; meconium, meconium; aspiration, meconium; inhalation, syndrome; aspiration, of newborn, meconium, Meconium aspiration syndrome (finding) [Ambiguous], Aspiration of meconium -RETIRED-, Aspiration, Meconium, Meconium Aspiration, Aspiration Syndrome, Meconium, Syndrome, Meconium Aspiration
Dutch meconiumaspiratie, aspiratie; meconium, aspiratie; pasgeborene, meconium, aspiratie; syndroom van pasgeborene, meconium, inhalatie; meconium, meconium; aspiratie, meconium; inhalatie, syndroom; aspiratie, van pasgeborene, meconium, Neonatale aspiratie van meconium, Aspiratie, meconium-, Meconiumaspiratie
Portuguese Aspiração de mecónio, Síndrome de Aspiração de Mecônio
Spanish Aspiración de meconio, Meconium aspiration syndrome, aspiración de meconio - RETIRADO - (concepto no activo), aspiración de meconio - RETIRADO -, aspiración de meconio, aspiración neonatal de meconio (trastorno), aspiración neonatal de meconio, síndrome de aspiración de meconio (trastorno), síndrome de aspiración de meconio, síndrome de aspiración meconial (concepto no activo), síndrome de aspiración meconial (hallazgo), síndrome de aspiración meconial, síndrome meconial, Sindrome de Aspiracion de Meconio, Síndrome de Aspiración de Meconio
Swedish Mekoniumaspirationssyndrom
Japanese ﾀｲﾍﾞﾝｷｭｳｲﾝ, 胎便吸引症候群, 吸引-胎便, 大量吸引症候群, 羊水過度吸引, 羊水過度吸引症候群, 胎便吸引
Czech mekonium - aspirace, syndrom aspirace mekonia, Aspirace mekonia
Finnish Mekoniumaspiraatio
Russian ASPIRATSIIA MEKONIIA, MEKONIIA ASPIRATSII SINDROM, MEKONIIA ASPIRATSIIA, АСПИРАЦИЯ МЕКОНИЯ, МЕКОНИЯ АСПИРАЦИЯ, МЕКОНИЯ АСПИРАЦИИ СИНДРОМ
German Mekoniumaspiration durch das Neugeborene, Aspiration, Mekonium-, Mekoniumaspiration
Korean 태변의 신생아 흡인
Polish Zespół aspiracji smółki
Hungarian Meconium aspiratio
French Inhalation amniotique, Inhalation de méconium, Inhalation méconiale, Syndrome d'inhalation méconiale
Italian Aspirazione di meconio
Sources
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)


Navigation Tree