Neonatology Book

http://www.fpnotebook.com/

Newborn Skin Exam

Aka: Newborn Skin Exam, Newborn Skin Conditions, Dermatologic Conditions in Infants, Birthmark
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  1. See Also
    1. Neonatal Pustules and Vessicles
  2. Findings: Normal - Transient (resolves in minutes to hours)
    1. Miliaria (Heat rash)
    2. Petechiae
      1. Scalp and face after vertex delivery
    3. Vernix Caseosa
      1. Cheesy white skin covering present at birth
    4. Transient vascular phenomena
      1. Cutis Marmorata (skin mottling related to cold exposure)
      2. Harlequin Color Change (positional erythema on the dependent side of the body)
  3. Findings: Normal - Short-term (resolves in days to months)
    1. Erythema Toxicum Neonatorum
      1. Yellow Papules (eos) on red base
      2. On trunk, disappear within days
      3. Differentiate from Neonatal HSV
    2. Neonatal Pustular Melanosis
      1. Milky fluid filled Vesicles, <5 mm on torso, buttock
      2. Pigmented Macule with scale after Vesicle ruptures
    3. Milia
      1. Pinpoint white Papules on nose and cheeks
      2. Blocked Sebaceous Glands
    4. Sucking Blister
      1. Develops from infant sucking on skin
    5. Lanugo
      1. Fine hair on Shoulders and back
    6. Spontaneous Fat Necrosis
    7. Acne Neonatorum
  4. Findings: Normal - Birthmarks, Long-term (Persists for months to years - some do not resolve)
    1. See abnormal or risk-associated Birthmarks below (e.g. Congenital Melanocytic Nevi)
    2. Mongolian Spots (Dermal Melanosis)
      1. Large bluish pigment patches
      2. Lumbar area, buttocks, extremities in dark races
    3. Nevus Simplex ("Stork biteNevi")
      1. Upper Eyelids, forehead, nape of neck
    4. Hemangioma
  5. Findings: Abnormal or lesions that require observation
    1. Pallor
      1. Anemia
    2. Jaundice onset within first day of life
      1. See Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn
      2. See Neonatal Jaundice
    3. Cyanosis
      1. See Cyanosis in Infants
    4. Mottling
      1. Consider Sepsis, Hypothermia
      2. Distinguish from the normal Cutis Marmorata
    5. Gray skin coloration
      1. Acidosis (Inborn Errors of Metabolism)
    6. Skin findings suggestive of occult spinal cord lesion
      1. See Cutaneous Signs of Dysraphism
    7. Vesicles
      1. Consider Neonatal HSV
      2. Distinguish from Erythema Toxicum Neonatorum
    8. Bullae
      1. Consider Bullous Impetigo
    9. Aplasia Cutis Congenita
      1. May be associated with skull deformities
    10. Nevus Flammeus
    11. Nevus Sebaceus
    12. Smooth Muscle Hamartoma
    13. Congenital Melanocytic Nevi

Birthmark (C0265974)

Definition (MEDLINEPLUS)

Birthmarks are abnormalities of the skin that are present when a baby is born. There are two types of birthmarks. Vascular birthmarks are made up of blood vessels that haven’t formed correctly. They are usually red. Two types of vascular birthmarks are hemangiomas and port-wine stains. Pigmented birthmarks are made of a cluster of pigment cells which cause color in skin. They can be many different colors, from tan to brown, gray to black, or even blue. Moles can be birthmarks.

No one knows what causes many types of birthmarks, but some run in families. Most birthmarks are not serious, and some go away on their own. Your baby’s doctor will look at the birthmark to see if it needs any treatment or if it should be watched. Pigmented birthmarks aren’t usually treated, except for moles. Treatment for vascular birthmarks includes laser surgery.

Concepts Congenital Abnormality (T019)
ICD10 Q82.5
SnomedCT 51089004, 205561006, 268354001
English Birthmark of skin, NOS, Birth mark, unspecified, Birthmark, NOS, Birthmark of skin, BIRTHMARK, Birth mark, unspecified (disorder), Birthmark NOS, birthmarks, birthmark disorders, Birthmark, Birthmark (disorder), birthmark, Birthmarks
Spanish Birthmark NOS, mancha de nacimiento de la piel (trastorno), mancha de nacimiento de la piel, mancha de nacimiento, marca de nacimiento, no especificada (trastorno), marca de nacimiento, no especificada
Sources
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)


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