See Also
Exam: Breast and Xiphisternum
1. Palpate for abnormality
2. Inspection
  1. Unilateral absence or hypoplasia of pectoralis major
    1. Poland's Syndrome (Poland's Sequence)
  2. Chest Deformity
    1. Pectus Carinatum
    2. Pectus Excavatum
  3. Widely spaced nipples
    1. Turner's Syndrome
    2. Noonan Syndrome
Exam: Respiratory
1. Breathing with diaphragm
2. Brief periods apnea are normal in transition
Exam: Cardiovascular
1. Vitals (Normal Newborn)
  1. See Pediatric Vital Signs
2. Diminished Pulses
  1. Pulses diminished in all extremities
    1. Diminished cardiac output
    2. Peripheral Vasoconstriction
  2. Diminished femoral pulses
    1. Heart lesion dependent on ductus arteriosus
    2. Example: Aortic Coarctation
3. Hypertension (See normal Blood Pressure above)
  1. See Hypertension in Infants
4. Murmurs
  1. See Pediatric Murmur
  2. Newborn murmurs are often transient
    1. Tricuspid regurgitation
    2. Patent Ductus Arteriosus
5. Altered position of precordial heart sounds
  1. Shifted right: Dextrocardia
6. Gallup Rhythms
  1. Split S2 is Normal
  2. Split S2 absent
    1. Aortic or pulmonic valvular atresia or stenosis
    2. Results in high pulmonary vascular resistance

Family Practice Notebook

Patients should address specific medical concerns with their physicians.

Although access to this page is not restricted, the information found here is intended for use by medical providers.

This page was written by Scott Moses, MD, last revised on 4/21/2011 and last published on 5/14/2013.

This is one of 5887 pages in the Family Practice Notebook

http://www.fpnotebook.com/

Newborn Cardiopulmonary Exam