II. Pathophysiology
- Heart beat is audible as the Pericardium comes in contact with mediastinal air (mediastinal Emphysema)
III. Signs
- Crunching sound over the precordium synchronized with the heartbeat (especially in left lateral decubitus position)
IV. Causes: Pneumomediastinum or pneumopericardium
- Tracheobronchial tree injury
- Esophageal Rupture
- Left Spontaneous Pneumothorax