Infectious Disease Book

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Influenza VaccineAka: Trivalent Influenza Vaccine, Fluzone, Inactivated Influenza Vaccine, TIV Vaccine

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  1. See Also
    1. Influenza
  2. Background: Vaccine Production
    1. Preparation (Inactivated Influenza vaccine)
      1. Trivalent Influenza Vaccine (TIV, Fluzone)
    2. Virus strains chosen based on:
      1. Virulence
      2. Lack of immunity in community
      3. Technical limitations on virus culture
    3. Virus grown in 90 million hens eggs over 1 year
    4. Vaccine developed and potency tested over 6-7 months
      1. Inject sheep and testing antigenicity
      2. Measure effective hemagglutinin concentration
      3. Develop reference strains
  3. Efficacy
    1. Prevents illness in 70% healthy people age <65 years
    2. Prevents 30-70% Pneumonia hospitalizations in elderly
  4. Indications
    1. Age 65 years and older
    2. All children ages 6 months to 18 years
    3. Nursing Home and Chronic care residents
    4. Chronic cardiopulmonary disease (e.g. Asthma): all ages
    5. Chronic disease requiring frequent hospitalization
    6. Long term Aspirin use under age 18 years
      1. Prevents Reye's Syndrome
    7. Vectors
      1. Health care workers
      2. Nursing home personnel
      3. Family members of high risk patients
      4. Families and child care workers caring for children under age 5 years
    8. Essential service providers
    9. Students in Institutional settings
    10. Second or third trimester of pregnancy
    11. Human Immunodeficiency Virus
    12. Travel to tropics any time of year
    13. Travel to Southern Hemisphere April to September
    14. Pregnancy (second and third trimester)
    15. Breast Feeding
  5. Contraindications
    1. Age under 6 months
    2. Anaphylaxis to eggs or other vaccine components
    3. Acute febrile illness
    4. History of Guillain Barre Syndrome
  6. Protocol
    1. Site
      1. Adults and older children: Deltoid
      2. Infants and young children: Anterolateral thigh
    2. Timing
      1. Clinic Visits starting in September
      2. Nursing Homes in October-November (not too early!)
    3. Dosing Frequency
      1. Children (Age 6 months to 8 years)
        1. First Immunization year: 2 doses, 1 month apart before December
        2. Subsequent Immunization years: 1 dose before December
      2. Adults and children over age 9 years
        1. Dosing: 1 dose per year before December
        2. Consider a second dose if first dose given early
    4. Dose
      1. Age 6 to 35 months: 0.25 ml
      2. Age 3 years or older: 0.50 ml
  7. Safety
    1. No longer contains thimerosal
    2. Influenza vaccine is safe in infants and children
      1. France (2004) Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 158:1031
  8. References
    1. (1999) Preparing for the Next Pandemic telecast, CDC
    2. (1997) Am Fam Physician 56(1):279

Influenza virus vaccine (C0021403)

Definition (CSP)orthomyxovirus vaccine; the composition of the vaccine is changed each year in response to antigenic shifts and changes in prevalence of influenza virus strains; the vaccine is usually bivalent or trivalent, containing one or two influenza virus A strains and one influenza virus B strain.
Definition (MSH)Vaccines used to prevent infection by viruses in the family ORTHOMYXOVIRIDAE. It includes both killed or attenuated vaccines. The composition of the vaccines is changed each year in response to antigenic shifts and changes in prevalence of influenza virus strains. The vaccine is usually bivalent or trivalent, containing one or two INFLUENZAVIRUS A strains and one INFLUENZAVIRUS B strain.
Definition (HL7V3.0)influenza virus vaccine, NOS
ConceptsOrganic Chemical (T109) , Pharmacologic Substance (T121) , Immunologic Factor (T129)
MSHD007252
EnglishFLU - Influenza vaccine, flu vaccine, Flu Vaccines, Influenza Vaccine, Influenza Vaccines, Influenza virus vaccine, Influenza Virus Vaccines, Influenzavirus Vaccines
Spanishvacuna anti-Influenza, vacuna anti-virus de la influenza, vacuna antigripal, vacuna contra el virus de la influenza, vacuna contra el virus Influenza, vacuna contra la gripe
Parent ConceptsViral Vaccines (C0042742), Vaccines administered (code = CVX)(parenteral, unless oral is noted) (C1547693), VaccineType (C1554000), Influenza virus vaccine (C0021403), Vaccines (C0042210), Erroneous concept (C1274015)
SourcesCSP, HL7V2.5, HL7V3.0, LCH, LNC, MSH, MTH, RXNORM, SCTSPA, SNOMEDCT, USPMG
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)


Fluzone (C0720492)

ConceptsPharmacologic Substance (T121) , Immunologic Factor (T129)
EnglishFluzone
SourcesNCI, PDQ, RXNORM
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)


trivalent influenza vaccine (C0770694)

Definition (PDQ)A synthetic vaccine consisting of three inactivated influenza viruses, two different influenza type A strains and one influenza type B strain. Trivalent influenza vaccine is formulated annually, based on influenza strains projected to be prevalent in the upcoming flu season. This agent may be formulated for injection or intranasal administration. Check for "http://www.cancer.gov/Search/ClinicalTrialsLink.aspx?id=38385&idtype=1" active clinical trials or "http://www.cancer.gov/Search/ClinicalTrialsLink.aspx?id=38385&idtype=1&closed=1" closed clinical trials using this agent. ("http://nciterms.nci.nih.gov:80/NCIBrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&code=C2643" NCI Thesaurus)
Definition (NCI)A synthetic vaccine consisting of three inactivated influenza viruses, two different influenza type A strains and one influenza type B strain. Trivalent influenza vaccine is formulated annually, based on influenza strains projected to be prevalent in the upcoming flu season. This agent may be formulated for injection or intranasal administration. (NCI04)
ConceptsOrganic Chemical (T109) , Pharmacologic Substance (T121) , Immunologic Factor (T129)
EnglishInfluenza Vaccine, trivalent influenza vaccine
Parent ConceptsPolyvalent Vaccine (C1514218)
SourcesMTH, NCI, PDQ, RXNORM
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)



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