HIV Risk Factor

1. See Also
   1. HIV Screening
   2. HIV Screening Questions
2. History
   1. See HIV Screening Questions
3. Risk Factors
   1. Sexual contact (primary mode of transmission)
      1. Men who have sex with men (most common risk)
      2. High risk heterosexual contact
   2. Intravenous Drug Abuse
   3. Increasing risk in age under 20 years and rural communities
4. Indications: Screening (CDC 2006)
   1. Note that AAFP, ACP, USPTF suggest screening high risk patients (see above) and encouraging voluntary screening
   2. Routine screening ages 13 to 64 years old
      1. Unless documented local community undiagnosed HIV Prevalence <0.1%
   3. New diagnosis of Tuberculosis at onset of treatment
   4. High risk patients (see above) should be screened annually
   5. All patients presenting with possible Sexually Transmitted Disease related concerns
   6. All pregnant patients with Prenatal Labs (and again in third trimester in high risk patients and communities)
5. Background: Medicolegal recommendations by CDC
   1. Routine HIV Screening falls under consent for general medical care and should not require additional consent
   2. Opt-out screening is typical policy where patient specifically declines HIV Screening
6. References
   1. Branson (2006) MMWR Recomm Rep 55(RR-14): 1-17