Otolaryngology Book

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Taste Sensation

Aka: Taste Sensation, Taste Dysfunction, Taste Impairment, Loss of Taste, Ageusia, Dysgeusia, Hypogeusia
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  1. See Also
    1. Anosmia
    2. Metallic Taste
  2. Definitions
    1. Ageusia: Loss of Taste Sensation
    2. Hypogeusia: Diminished Taste Sensation
    3. Dysgeusia: Altered Taste Sensation
  3. Pathophysiology
    1. Innervation via parasympathetic fibers
      1. Anterior two thirds of Tongue: Lingual nerve
      2. Posterior one third of Tongue: Glossopharyngeal Nerve
    2. Loss of Taste Sensation is usually due to Anosmia
      1. Tongue differentiates only bitter, salt, sour, sweet
  4. Causes: Altered or loss of Taste Sensation
    1. Miscellaneous Causes
      1. Aging (difficulty detecting salty or bitter taste)
      2. Anxiety Disorder
      3. Cancer
      4. Renal Failure
      5. Hepatic failure
    2. Endocrine Disorders
      1. Cushing's Syndrome
      2. Hypothyroidism
      3. Diabetes Mellitus
    3. Vitamin Deficiency
      1. Vitamin B3 Deficiency
      2. Zinc Deficiency
    4. Local injury or inflammation
      1. Radiation Therapy
      2. Glossitis
      3. Tobacco abuse
      4. Denture use
    5. Medications
      1. Antirheumatic Drugs (e.g. Penicillamine)
      2. Antiproliferative drugs (e.g. Cisplatin)
      3. Azelastine
      4. ACE Inhibitors
      5. Clarithromycin
      6. Zopiclone
    6. Neurologic conditions
      1. Bell's Palsy
      2. Familial Dysautonomia
      3. Multiple Sclerosis
  5. References
    1. Baloh in Goldman (2000) Cecil Medicine, p. 2249-50
    2. Mirowski in Feldman (2002) Sleisenger GI, p. 339-40

Ageusia (C0001800)

Definition (MSH) Complete or severe loss of the subjective sense of taste, frequently accompanied by OLFACTION DISORDERS.
Concepts Sign or Symptom (T184)
MSH D000370
SnomedCT 267164004, 139277004, 36955009, 162012003
English Ageusia, TASTE LOSS, AGEUSIA, TASTE ABSENT, Ageustia, Loss of taste sense, Loss of taste (& symptom) (finding), Taste absent, Taste loss, Ageusia [Disease/Finding], loss of sense taste, gustatory anesthesia, Loss (of);taste, taste loss, loss taste, Loss of taste, Absence of sense of taste, Gustatory anaesthesia, Gustatory anesthesia, Loss of taste (finding), ageusia, loss; taste, taste; loss, Loss of taste (& symptom), Taste loss symptom, loss of taste
French AGUEUSIE, Goût absent, Perte du goût, PERTE DU GOUT, Ageusie, Agueusie, Insensibilité aux saveurs
Portuguese AGEUSIA, Paladar ausente, Perda do paladar, Perda de paladar, AUSENCIA DE PALADAR, PERDA DO PALADAR, Ageusia, Ageustia
Spanish AGEUSIA, Ausencia del gusto, Pérdida del gusto, Taste loss symptom, Loss of taste (& symptom), Loss of taste, Loss of taste sense, GUSTO, AUSENCIA, HIPOGEUSIA, ageusia (hallazgo), ageusia, ageustia, anestesia gustativa, ausencia del sentido del gusto, pérdida del gusto, Ageusia, Ageustia
German AGEUSIE, Geschmack fehlend, Verlust des Geschmacks, GESCHMACK NICHT VORHANDEN, GESCHMACKSVERLUST, Ageusie, Geschmacksverlust, Aufhebung des Geschmacksvermögens
Dutch smaak afwezig, verlies van smaakzin, smaakverlies, smaakzin; verlies, verlies; smaakzin, ageusie, Ageusia, Ageusie, Ageusis
Italian Perdita del gusto, Gusto assente, Ageusia
Japanese 味覚消失, 味覚欠如, ﾐｶｸｼｮｳｼﾂ, ﾐｶｸｹﾂｼﾞｮ
Swedish Smakförnimmelse, förlorad
Czech ageuzie, Ztráta chuti, Ageuzie
Finnish Ageusia
Russian AGEVZIIA, АГЕВЗИЯ
Polish Brak smaku
Hungarian Ízérzékelés elvesztése, Ageusia, Ízlelés hiány, Ízlelés elvesztése
Sources
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)


Dysgeusia (C0013378)

Definition (NCI) A disorder characterized by abnormal sensual experience with the taste of foodstuffs; it can be related to a decrease in the sense of smell.
Definition (HHC) Diminished ability to taste.
Definition (MSH) A condition characterized by alterations of the sense of taste which may range from mild to severe, including gross distortions of taste quality.
Definition (NCI) Abnormal appreciation of the taste of foodstuffs, can be related to decreased sense of smell.
Definition (NCI) A bad taste in the mouth.
Concepts Finding (T033)
MSH D004408
ICD10 R43.2
SnomedCT 206815007, 158193000, 271801002, 36955009, 1932001
English Dysgeusias, TASTE PERVERSION, TASTE PERVERSION OF, DYSGEUSIA, PARAGEUSIA, Parageusia, TASTE ALTERATION, TASTE IMPAIRMENT, [D]Parageusia, dysgeusia, parageusia, [D]Parageusia (context-dependent category), Alteration in taste, DYSGENSIA, Sensory perceptual alteration: gustatory, disturbance of taste (diagnosis), taste disturbances (symptom), taste disturbances, disturbance of taste, [D]Parageusia (situation), Taste abnormality, Taste alteration, Taste changed, Taste disturbance, Dysgensia, Taste perversion, Taste perversion of, Distorted Taste, Taste, Distorted, Parageusias, Dysgeusia [Disease/Finding], rndx gustatory alteration (diagnosis), rndx gustatory alteration, taste disturbance, taste impairment, disturbances taste, taste alteration, abnormalities taste, distort taste, Disturbance;taste, alterations taste, dysgeusias, taste perversion, taste abnormality, Gustatory Alteration, Disordered taste, Distorted taste, Taste sense altered, Things taste abnormal, Things taste different, Things taste peculiar, Perversion of sense of taste, Adverse taste perception, Taste sense altered (finding), Gustatory alteration, disorder; taste, taste; disorder, Dysgeusia
French DYSGUEUSIE, Dysgénésie, Altération du goût, Anomalie gustative, Perversion du goût, Goût altéré, Perturbation du goût, ALTERATION DU GOUT, PARAGUEUSIE, PERVERSION DU GOUT, Dysgueusie, Paragueusie
Portuguese DISGEUSIA, Paladar alterado, Anomalia do paladar, Perversão do paladar, Alteração do paladar, ALTERACAO DO PALADAR, PARAGEUSIA, PERVERSAO DO PALADAR, Disgeusia, Paladar Distorcido, Parageusia
Spanish DISGEUSIA, Gusto cambiado, Anormalidad del gusto, Perversión del gusto, Alteración del gusto, Trastorno del gusto, Perversión del sentido del gusto, [D]parageusia (categoría dependiente del contexto), [D]Parageusia, GUSTO ALTERADO, PARAGEUSIA, SABOR, ALTERACION, [D]parageusia (situación), [D]parageusia, alteración del sentido del gusto (hallazgo), alteración del sentido del gusto, disgeusia, gusto alterado, gusto anormal, parageusia, perversión del sentido del gusto, Disgeusia, Parageusia, Deformación del Sabor, Distorción del Gusto, Deformacion del Sabor, Distorcion del Gusto
German DYSGEUSIE, Geschmacksaenderung, Geschmack geaendert, Geschmacksperversion, Anomalie des Geschmackssinns, Dysgenesie, GESCHMACK VERAENDERT, GESCHMACKSSTOERUNG, PARAGEUSIE, Geschmacksstoerung, Dysgeusie, Parageusie, Geschmackssinn, gestörter
Dutch smaak gewijzigd, parageusia, smaakvervorming, smaakafwijking, smaakstoornis, smaakverandering, smaakzin; stoornis, stoornis; smaakzin, dysgeusie, Ageusie, Dysgeusie, Parageusie, Smaakstoornis
Italian Gusto modificato, Alterazione del gusto, Anomalia del gusto, Perversione del gusto, Parageusia, Alterazione del senso del gusto, Disgeusia
Japanese 味覚変化, 味覚障害, 味覚倒錯, 錯味, ﾐｶｸｲｼﾞｮｳ, ﾐｶｸｼｮｳｶﾞｲ, ﾐｶｸﾍﾝｶ, ﾐｶｸﾄｳｻｸ, ｻｸﾐ, 味覚異常, 味覚不全
Swedish Smakrubbning
Czech dysgeuzie, Chuť abnormální, Narušení chuti, Dysgeuzie, Změněná chuť, Parageuzie, Alterace chuti, Zkreslená chuť
Finnish Dysgeusia
Russian VKUSA IZVRASHCHENIE, DISGEVZIIA, PARAGEVZIIA, ВКУСА ИЗВРАЩЕНИЕ, ДИСГЕВЗИЯ, ПАРАГЕВЗИЯ
Korean 착미증
Polish Smak spaczony
Hungarian Rendellenes ízérzés, Ízérzés zavara, Izérzés megváltozása, Ízlelési rendellenesség, Rendellenes ízlelés, Ízérzés, változott, Ízérzés zavar, Fonák ízérzés
Sources
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)


Hypogeusia (C0151934)

Concepts Finding (T033)
MSH D000370
English GUSTATORY SENSE DIMINISHED, HYPOGEUSESTHESIA, HYPOGEUSIA, HYPOGENSIA, Gustatory sense diminished, Taste diminished, Hypogensia, Hypogeusias, hypogeusia, Hypogeusia
Italian Ipogeusia, Gusto diminuito, Sensibilità gustativa diminuita
Dutch smaak verminderd, smaakzin verminderd, hypogeusie, Hypogeusie
French Goût diminué, Sens gustatif diminué, Hypogueusie, DIMINUTION SENSATIONS GUSTATIVES
German Geschmackssinn vermindert, Geschmack vermindert, Hypogeusie, GESCHMACKSSINN GESTOERT, Hypogeusia, Verminderte Geschmacksempfindung
Portuguese Sentido do gosto diminuído, Paladar diminuído, Hipogeusia, DIMINUICAO DAS SENSACOES GUSTATIV
Spanish Gusto disminuido, Sentido del gusto disminuido, Hipoageusia, GUSTO DISMINUIDO, Hipogeusia
Japanese 味覚低下, 味覚減退, ﾐｶｸｹﾞﾝﾀｲ, ﾐｶｸﾃｲｶ
Czech Snížené vnímání chuti, Snížená chuť, Hypogeuzie, hypogeusie, hypogeuzie
Hungarian Hypogeusia, Csökkent ízérzés, Csökkent gustatoros érzékelés
Sources
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)


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