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Electrocardiogram

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Electrocardiogram

Aka: Electrocardiogram, EKG, ECG
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  1. See Also
    1. Electrocardiogram in Myocardial Infarction
    2. Electrocardiogram in Pulmonary Embolism
    3. Electrocardiogram in Pericarditis
    4. Electrocardiogram in Atrial Fibrillation
  2. Background
    1. Interpretation requires patient age, EKG indication
  3. EKG Paper
    1. Record speed: 25 mm/sec
    2. Small square (1 mm): 0.04 seconds
    3. Large square (5 mm): 0.20 seconds
  4. Leads
    1. Limb leads (bipolar)
      1. Lead I: Left arm - Right arm (0 degrees)
      2. Lead II: Left leg - Right arm (60 degrees)
      3. Lead III: Left leg - Left arm (120 degrees)
    2. Augmented Limb Leads (unipolar)
      1. Lead aVR: (-150 degrees)
      2. Lead aVL: (-30 degrees)
      3. Lead aVF: (90 degrees)
    3. Precordial Leads (unipolar chest)
      1. Lead V1: Right sternal border (Right Ventricle)
      2. Lead V2: Left sternal border
      3. Lead V3: Medial Breast (Septum)
      4. Lead V4: Nipple
      5. Lead V5: Lateral Breast
      6. Lead V6: Lateral chest wall (Left Ventricle)
  5. EKG Evaluation
    1. Assess EKG Validity
    2. Rate and Rhythm: "Watch your P's and Q's and the 3R's"
      1. Lead II P Waves upright? Otherwise not sinus rhythm
      2. QRS wide or narrow?
      3. Rate?
      4. Regularity of Rhythm?
      5. Relationship between P Waves and QRS Complex
    3. EKG Axis
    4. Intervals (prolonged?)
      1. PR interval
      2. QRS Complex
      3. QT Interval
    5. Hypertrophy?
      1. Left Ventricular Hypertrophy
      2. Right Ventricular Hypertrophy
      3. Right Atrial Enlargement
      4. Left Atrial Enlargement
    6. Infarction?
      1. Q Waves
      2. R Wave Progression
      3. ST Segments
      4. T Waves
    7. Reference
      1. Grauer (2001) 12 Lead EKGs, KG/EKG Press, Gainesville
  6. Specific Circumstances
    1. Ventricular Tachycardia
      1. Northwest axis (opposite Nl axis)
      2. V1-V6 positive QRS Complex
      3. See AV dissociation
    2. Pericarditis
      1. Stage I: Diffuse ST inc all leads except aVR, V1
      2. Stage II: ST segments temporarily normalize
      3. Stage III: Diffuse ST depress +/- T inversion
      4. Stage IV: Gradual normalization of ST and T Waves
    3. Pulmonary Embolism
      1. Right Strain Pattern (Classic PE, but rarely seen)
        1. S1 (deep S wave in lead I)
        2. Q3 (Q wave in lead III)
        3. T3 (inverted T Wave in lead III)

Electrocardiogram (C0013798)

Concepts Finding (T033)
MSH D004562
SnomedCT 142008000
English Electrocardiogram, Electrocardiograms, ecgs, electrocardiograms, ECG, electrocardiograph, electrocardiography, EKG, ekgs, electrocardiogram (EKG, ECG), electrocardiogram
Spanish Electrocardiogram
Italian Elettrocardiogramma
French Électrocardiogramme, ECG (ÉlectroCardioGramme)
Czech elektrokardiogram
Sources
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)


Electrocardiography (C1623258)

Definition (NCI) A line graph that shows changes in the electrical activity of the heart over time. It is made by an instrument called an electrocardiograph. The graph can show that there are abnormal conditions, such as blocked arteries, changes in electrolytes (particles with electrical charges), and changes in the way electrical currents pass through the heart tissue.
Definition (CSP) measurement and interpretation of electrical manifestations of heart activity.
Definition (MSH) Recording of the moment-to-moment electromotive forces of the HEART as projected onto various sites on the body's surface, delineated as a scalar function of time. The recording is monitored by a tracing on slow moving chart paper or by observing it on a cardioscope, which is a CATHODE RAY TUBE DISPLAY.
Definition (NCI) A procedure which records the electrical current in the heart in the form of a continuous strip graph. The electrocardiography results may determine whether the heart is performing normally or suffering from abnormalities, may indicate coronary artery blockages, can be used for detecting calcium, magnesium and other electrolyte disturbances, allow the detection of conduction abnormalities, indicate the physical shape of a patient during stress test and provide information on the physical condition of the heart.
Concepts Diagnostic Procedure (T060)
MSH D004562
ICD9 89.52
SnomedCT 164960001, 142135006, 146485007, 142007005, 164844004, 46825001, 29303009, 271334005
English ECG, EKG, Electrocardiographic procedure, NOS, Electrocardiogram, NOS, electrocardiography, Electrocardiography NOS, Electrocardiography NOS (regime/therapy), Electrocardiographic or monitoring procedure, ELECTROCARDIOGR, electrocardiogram (procedure), electrocardiogram, Electrocardiography (procedure), Electrocardiograph, Electrocardiogram, Electrocardiographic procedure (procedure), Electrocardiographic procedure, Electrocardiography NOS (procedure), EKG (Electrophysiology), ECG NOS, Electrocardiography
Italian Elettrocardiogramma, ECG, EKG, Elettrocardiografia
French ECG, EKG, ECG (ÉlectroCardioGraphie), Electrocardiogramme, Électrocardiographie
Swedish Elektrokardiografi
Spanish electrocardiografía, SAI (régimen/tratamiento), electrocardiografía, SAI (procedimiento), Electrocardiography, Electrocardiography NOS, ECG, electrocardiografía, SAI, electrocardiograma, procedimiento electrocardiográfico (procedimiento), procedimiento electrocardiográfico, Electrocardiograma, EKG, Electrocardiografia, Electrocardiografía
Japanese ｼﾝﾃﾞﾝｽﾞ, 心電図記録法, 心電図検査, 心電図検査法, 心電図記録, 心電計, 心電図
Czech elektrokardiografie, Elektrokardiogram, EKG
Finnish Elektrokardiografia
Russian ELEKTROKARDIOGRAFIIA, EKG, EKG PATTERN, ЭКГ ПАТТЕРН, ЭКГ ИЗОБРАЖЕНИЕ, EKG IZOBRAZHENIE, ЭКГ, ЭЛЕКТРОКАРДИОГРАФИЯ
Croatian ELEKTROKARDIOGRAFIJA
Polish Wykres EKG, Badanie elektrokardiograficzne, EKG, Elektrokardiografia
Hungarian EKG, Elektrokardiogram
Portuguese Electrocardiograma, ECG, EKG, Eletrocardiografia
Dutch elektrocardiogram, ECG, Elektrocardiografie
German Elektrokardiogramm, ECG, EKG, Elektrokardiographie
Sources
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)


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